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APPLETOS & LITCHFIELD, 

SUCCESSORS TO PROUTY d- APPLE TOA', 
Importers and Retailers of 

PIHE CUTLERY Affl FISHIE TAC 



RODS, REELS, and LINES of every description. 

ARTIFICIAL FLIES of all kinds. 

LEONARD'S and NICHOLS' SPLIT BAMBOOS. 

ENGLISH POCKET and TABLE CUTLERY 
of the Best Makes 

SPORTSMEN'S and HUNTING KNIVES. 

FINE RAZORS, warranted to give satisfaction. 

SHAVING ARTICLES. 

HAMMOCKS in great variety. 

CAMP LANTERNS and AXES. 

FISHING SUITS and SHOES. 



APPLETON & LITCHFIELD, 
304 Washington Street. 

(2d door North of the Old South) 

BOSTON, MASS. 







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FISH: 

THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS 

AND THE 

fHEtljotfS of Catdjing STtem, 

TOGETHER WITH 

FISHING AS A RECREATION. 



BY 

LORENZO Grouty. 



■ In such green palaces the first kings reigned. 
Slept in their shades, and angels entertained; 
With such old counsellors they did advise, 
And by frequenting sacred groves grew wise." 



BOSTON: 

CUPPLES, UPHAM AND COMPANY, 

©in Corner Bookstore. 
1883. 







Copyright, by 
CUPPLES, Upham and Company, 

1&&S. 



ELECTROTYPED. 
BOSTON PTr-RF.OTYPF. FOUNDRY, 



TO 

JHfjc fHans iFrtcntis of tf)E 'Sutljor 

WHO IN PAST YEARS 

HAVE ENCAMPED WITH HIM IN FOREST AND BY STREAM, 

AND WHO DOUBTLESS IN READING THIS LITTLE 

VOLUME WILL RECALL HIS PRESENCE 

WITH PLEASANT MEMORIES J 

AND 

TO THOSE READERS WHO NOT HAVING KNOWN HIM 

WILL FROxM THESE PAGES 

MAKE SOME ACQUAINTANCE WITH HIS 

LIFE AND CHARACTER. 



CONTENTS. 



Page 

Preface i 

General Remarks g 

Fresh-Water Fish i6 

The Angler's Apparatus 27 

Rods and Lines 29 

FLOATS AND LaNDING-NeTS 36 

Fly-Fishing 38 

Dabbing 40 

Minnow-Spinning 41 

Bottom-Fishing 44 

Baits for Trout 46 

The Salmon 48 

The Blue Fish 52 

The Black Fish 55 

The Mackerel 58 

The Scaupaug-Scup . . . , 59 

The Common Shad 60 



VUl CONTENTS. 

The Perch 60 

The Smelt 64 

Trip to Kempt, N, S., in 1879 .... 65 

Trip to Nova Scotia in 1881 .... 71 

A Day on Grand Lake 82 

Two Days at Skiff Lake 85 

Trip to Schoodie Lake in 1882 ... 86 

Traps loi 

In Memoriam 105 



PREFACE. 



The material of which this book is largely- 
composed is from notes and manuscripts 
which Mr. Prouty had been preparing during 
the last few years of his life, suggested by 
his experience in camp-life and active busi- 
ness pursuits, with the intention of presenting 
them to the public when the proper occasion 
should come. Hence, in the compilation, 
the book is not expected to be so complete as 
it would have been could he have lived long 
enough to have had the arrangement himself, 
and have added more of his own practical ex- 
perience and suggestions. 

Mr. Prouty was born in Boston in 1839, 
removed to Dorchester in 1841, and, passing 
through the Grammar School, graduated at 
Chauncy Hall School, in Boston. 



From early boyhood he manifested par- 
ticular interest in fishing and angling, and 
every opportunity was seized to indulge in 
this favorite pastime. In 1855 he entered 
the hardware store of Martin L. Bradford, 
and naturally drifted into the department of 
fishing-tackle, to which he gave his closest 
attention, to make himself familiar with all 
its details. His great love of the sport, his 
experience in the forest and stream, and his 
practical common sense, enabled him to mas- 
ter this branch of their business, and he aided 
largely its rapid growth and success during 
the last few years of his life. In fact, so 
well had he become known by the lovers of 
this delightful ini, that he was made an offi- 
cer of the Anglers' Association of Boston, 
and was often quoted as an authority upon 
angling throughout the land. 

Of a modest and retiring nature, upright 
in all his dealings with his fellow-men, and 
of the keenest sensibilities, he made friends 



PREFACE, 3 

daily, and never forfeited the friendship of 
any. 

When, after the confinement and arduous 
duties of his business life, he left all behind 
for the pleasure of the camp, to indulge in its 
sport for rest and recreation, and to enjoy 
the grandeur and teaching of nature, as only 
those who are lovers of this noble and life- 
giving a7't can truly enjoy them, away from 
all the busy hum of the city, in the solitude 
of the wilderness, then did he fully realize 
that communion with his Father and God, 
whom he loved with the simplicity of a child. 

To the friends who have shared with him 
his camp-life, it would be a pleasure to recall 
the many conversations they have had with 
him in those still evening hours, whilst the 
same beautiful moon looked down so brightly 
on them and on their loved ones at home, 
and naught disturbed the silence but the 
hoot of the solitary owl. 

His sudden death, at the close of the de- 



4 PREFACE. 

parted year, just when the future was open- 
ing to him a career of usefuhiess and honor, 
came Hke the "pall of night" to his large 
circle of friends, as they realized that never 
more would his familiar face and welcome 
smile greet them. 

How better could this brief memorial 
sketch be closed than by giving this tribute, 
sent to his beloved wife, from one of his 
guides in the forest home, which is but 
the echo of all who had the pleasure of his 
acquaintance : — 

Kempt, Queens County, N. S., April i, 1SS3. 
Mv Dear Mrs. Proutv, — Your letter and 
picture came safely to hand. We all think 
that the picture is perfect, and so much 
like him that we think he must speak to us ; 
we are very much pleased to have it, and will 
keep it as long as we live, which will help to 
keep him fresh in our minds, though it is 
with sad hearts that we look upon it, know- 



PREFACE. 5 

ing that we can never see him more. We 
were of the same age, and in one respect aUke : 
we loved the forest and stream, and he said to 
me, " I plan to come down here so long as I 
live, and always want you to go \vith me." 
He had planned for you to come with him 
next fall, and had our camp-ground selected, 
and my wife and daughter thought so much 
of having you come ; but we will look in 
vain. I have been with many parties, and 
will go with many more, and where we used 
to go ; and how many things I will see to 
remind me of him, and cause the tears to fill 
my eyes, which I will not have strength to 
keep down, — such as the pools where we 
have iished, the spots where we have lain, 
and the trees he has felled with his own 
hands. All these things will bring to mind 
the pleasant hours that we have spent to- 
gether, which never can be recalled. 

Mr. Prouty endeared himself to all who 
knew him down here, and many of my friends 



speak sadly of his death. As for myself, it 
has caused a sadness which will last through 
life, and which words fail to describe, for he 
to me was a true friend and a brother, and I 
think how little I have done for him to what 
he has done for me ; he never knew how 
much I thought of him for his acts of kind- 
ness to me and to my ^family ; look where I 
will about my home, I can see something to 
remind me of him. 

Please excuse me for writing so much, 
and be sure he is mourned in more homes 
than one. My wife, daughter, and myself 
deeply sympathize with you and your dear 
daughter, whom to us he so often spoke of. 
May God comfort and protect you both, and 
permit you to meet him in the world to come, 
where parting will not be known, and tears 
will never flow. 

Yours in love, 

David Freeman. 



FISH: THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 



FISH: 

THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 



The Art of Angling is a very ancient one. 
It is difficult to say when it did not exist. 
Representations of fish and of fishing have 
been found upon some of the oldest tombs 
and most venerable remains extant. 

In every community of savage life are 
found instruments of angling, — rude enough, 
but sufficiently effective for the wants of 
those who employ them, — showing the 
various inventions for fishing to have been 
primitive and universal. 

One of the first treatises on angling in the 
English language is that of Dame Julianna 
Bernes, published in 1496. The next is by 
the well-known Isaac Walton, in 1653 ; and 
since then the number of works of this 



lO FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

character has constantly increased, — indeed, 
hardly any other subject has had so much 
written about it. This is not strange, when 
we consider that more than three-fourths 
of the earth's surface is covered with water, 
and teems with life in various forms. 

Naturalists of the present day know of 
upwards of thirteen thousand varieties of fish, 
of which perhaps one-tenth belong to fresh- 
water. 

The importance of the fisheries on our own 
coasts can hardly be exaggerated, whether 
we consider the amount of wholesome food 
which they yield, the pecuniary value of 
their product, the number of persons em- 
ployed, the stimulus furnished to ship and 
boat-building, and, not least of all, their ser- 
vice as a school for seamen, from which 
the merchant marine, as well as the navy of 
the country, derives its most important re- 
cruits. The rapid growth of the country, 
the construction of railroads, and the use of 



fish: their habits and haunts. ii 

ice for packing, have furnished facilities for 
sending fish in good condition to all mar- 
kets ; and the demand for them has in- 
creased in proportion. The discovery that 
fish could be made to yield a valuable oil 
by boiling has contributed an additional 
means of consumption, and more recently 
the packing of fish in tins prepared to keep 
them fresh for any length of time has given 
employment to both capital and men. But 
it is with the fish which we take for our 
sport that we are here concerned. In the 
sea about our own coast we find the cod, 
haddock, mackerel, tautog, perch, smelt, 
striped bass, and bluefish. 

The cod and haddock are taken in water 
from fifty to one hundred feet deep, with a 
strong line and sinkers heavy enough to 
keep it down, and usually with two hooks 
baited with clams. They swim near the 
bottom, and when they are biting freely 
afford considerable sport. 



12 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

The most beautiful of our salt-water fish, 
the mackerel, appears on our coast during- 
the month of May. Swimming near the 
surface, it is taken with a small hook with 
a bright piece of metal attached to make it 
sink rapidly and at the same time to at- 
tract the fish. Each person uses two of 
these hooks and lines. In order to lure the 
fish about the boat, "wash-bait" — that is, 
fish ground up fine and mixed with water — 
is thrown over, a little at a time. It is the 
superior attraction of the metal bait which 
captures them. When fishing from the 
deck of a mackerel schooner, with all hands 
engaged, the scene is exciting in the ex- 
treme. Each man has a tub to throw his 
catch in, and the constant flopping of the 
fish reminds one of a drum-corps in active 
operation. 

The smelt, although small, is a choice 
fish, and is readily taken from June till 
winter with hook and line and stiff rod. In 



fish: their habits and haunts. 13 

the winter it is taken through the ice in 
the river mouths. 

The tautog and perch are found near 
rocks, upon the muscles, attached to which 
they are accustomed to feed. They may be 
caught with hand Hues from a boat an- 
chored near the spot, or with a long rod 
and line from the shore. The tautog is a 
strong fish ; he takes his bait boldly, and 
starts for the bottom with it, and if of good 
size he gives some excitement and pleasure 
in the taking. Perch are usually plenty, 
and are easily taken. As they have small 
mouths, small hooks should be used. 

Bluefish, formerly very plenty during the 
summer months, are not at present often 
found this side of Cape Cod ; but the pleas- 
ure of taking them will well repay a jour- 
ney to the south side, or even to Nantucket 
and Martha's Vineyard. The best method 
of taking them is from a sail-boat. Two 
or even four can fish at once. Fifty yards 



14 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

of Strong line should be used, and a hook 
with metal run on it to load it, and cov- 
ered with an inverted eel-skin for a bait. 
The lines are trailed behind the boat when 
four are fishing at once, and an out rigging 
of wood is fastened at the stem, so as to 
keep them from running too close together. 
With the boat under full sail, all lines out, 
and each one expectant, the excitement is 
intense ; when the fish are reached, and 
one feels a twitch on his line, he begins 
to haul in as fast as possible, and if not 
quick enough his fish springs ahead and 
drops the hook. Often there will be a fish 
on each line at once, and then such fun, 
all pulling together ! The fish weigh from 
four to ten pounds each. The skipper en- 
deavors to keep the boat in the vicinity of 
the school, and tacks about to run through 
it, but often loses sight of it, for when 
feeding with the current the fish move 
rapidly. 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. I5 

When plenty, from fifty to one hundred 
fish are often taken a day, and it "is thor- 
oughly tiresome work. 

The striped bass is the king of salt-water 
fish, and in the opinion of many gives as 
much sport as the salmon. Twenty years 
ago many were taken from the bridges in 
Boston harbor, but with the growth of the 
city the waters have become less pure, and 
bass are now scarce there. 

At many points on Cape Cod and south 
of it there is still opportunity for this sport. 
The method of fishing is to use a short, 
stiff rod of eight feet in length, a reel with 
six hundred feet of line, and a hook baited 
with a piece of eel. From some rocky 
point well out in the sea the bait is cast 
as far as possible. The fish are moving 
about looking for food, and if hungry take 
in the bait. When one is hooked it is quite 
a trial of skill and patience to capture him, 
as, full of strength and courage, he will 



i6 fish: their habits and haunts. 

try every possible means to break away. 
But when landed, if of good size, say from 
twenty-five to fifty pounds, he will amply 
repay all trials and disappointments. Many 
of the islands south of Cape Cod are owned 
by clubs which have fitted up houses and 
employ men to "chum" or feed the fish so 
as to keep them about the rocks, and thus 
the owners are quite sure of sport whenever 
the weather is favorable. 

Fresh-Water Fish. 

In the fresh-water pohds and rivers are 
found the salmon, trout, pickerel, black bass, 
and perch. 

The pickerel lives in the warmer waters 
and more sluggish streams ; it spawns in the 
spring, and is in good condition most of the 
year. Very good sport may be had in troll- 
ing for it with the spoon baits, or with small 
fish. In the winter, it is captured by setting 
lines in holes cut through the ice. 



fish: their habits and haunts." 17 

The black bass was brought to Massachu- 
setts by Mr. Tisdale, of Wareham, about 
thirty years ago, from New York, and has 
been placed in many ponds, until now it is 
so plenty as to take the most prominent place 
among our fresh-water fish. Larger than the 
perch, and full of pluck, it affords much 
pleasure in the capture. The ponds in Ply- 
mouth are well stocked with bass, and many 
Boston people go there to fish. 

I think few are aware what a pleasant 
town Plymouth is, and what opportunities it 
offers for fishing and other sports. Although 
so near to Boston, its woods and lakes are as 
wild as when the Pilgrims landed. 

The trout is the most beautiful of all 
fish, and has afforded recreation for thou- 
sands of years to lovers of nature through- 
out the Temperate Zone. The most plenty 
of all the game fish, it may be angled 
for with the commonest tackle, as a willow 
stick cut by the side of the stream, or with 



i8 fish: their habits and haunts. 

very elaborate apparatus, and in either case 
it gives to the enthusiastic fisherman the 
keenest delight. 

The old and young, the learned and igno- 
rant, the poor and rich, all classes, ages and 
conditions, have enjoyed angling for trout. 
Once, nearly every stream in the Middle, 
Northern, and Eastern States teemed with 
both trout and salmon. The salmon has 
been driven away, and, had not anglers inter- 
fered to save the trout, they would now be 
known only from books and from the stories 
of the oldest inhabitants. 

For bait-fishing, the convenient tackle is 
a light rod of ten or twelve feet in length, 
with reel and line, and small hooks, with 
well-scoured worms for bait. The stream 
should be approached with the greatest cau- 
tion, as this fish is very wary, and the line 
should be dropped lightly into the water, 
and in an instant the fisherman may be re- 
warded by a sudden pull and the landing of 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. I9 

a fine trout. But to enjoy trout-fishing at 
its best necessitates longer journeys and 
camping out, requires more thought and 
preparation. Where to go, how long to 
stay, what to carry, and what will be the 
expense, are the questions that arise. 

Most of the camping trips from this lo- 
cality are made either to Maine, to New 
York, or to the Provinces. Maine offers 
the best and handiest grounds. Trips may 
be made to the Rangely Lakes, Moosehead 
Lake, Grand Lake Stream, or the Dead 
River country, with good success, either for 
fishing or hunting ; and it is from such 
trips, when we give nature a chance to deal 
with us in her own way, that we experience 
wonderful benefits to our mental and physi- 
cal strength. 

In the constant struggle of business re- 
quirements the human system can hardly 
hold its own. It needs a rest at least once 
a year ; and not a rest only, but a change 



20 fish: their habits and haunts. 

of occupation, thought, and mode of life t 
and nothing affords this so well as a trip to 
the woods When exhausted physically, one 
may not be equal to a hunting trip ; but he 
can endure the light task of fishing, while 
to succeed in this requires suf^cient thought 
to keep his mind from drifting away to home 
cares, and the exercise in the open air pro- 
vokes an appetite that is astonishing. It has 
been said that man degenerates without fre- 
quent communion with nature. It certainly 
is true that this communion increases his 
reverence for and his appreciation of the 
beautiful in nature. 

To one making his first trip how^ delight- 
fully new and strange all seems ! After 
completing your journey to the stream, or 
point of departure, you are probably met at 
the landing by your guide, who, after shaking 
hands and answering a few questions about 
the possible sport and the parties already 
in the woods, begins to arrange the things. 



fish: their habits and haunts. 21 

or " traps," as they are called, in the canoe. 
"Will that little thing," you wonder, "made 
of birch bark and weighing not over fifty 
pounds, carry us safely ? " But your respect 
for it begins at once ; and as you spend day 
after day in the bow, permitted to handle 
the light paddle, and see how skilfully the 
guide runs the rapids, avoiding the rocks 
that seem ready to destroy the canoe, you 
become attached to the frail craft with an 
affection which you cannot forget when the 
trip is ended. 

Then the changing views of the winding 
river as you move rapidly along causes an 
ever new delight. At noon you step out 
on some smooth beach well shaded by tall 
trees, to prepare the noon meal, and how 
you watch every motion of the guide as he 
gathers the few sticks needed to start a 
fire ! And when at length you are seated 
on some smooth stone, holding your tin plate 
in your lap, and with your tin of tea close 



22 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

at hand, you wonder what the folks at home 
would think. 

After a rest you start on again with re- 
newed interest, the guide meanwhile, if talk- 
ative, telling about his experiences in the 
woods. And toward evening, when a good 
spot offers, he suggests that you had better 
encamp. Now there is still more novelty. 
After getting the things out of the birch 
and lifting it carefully from the water, the 
guide starts back with his axe and soon 
returns with long sticks to build the camp. 

You look on eager to help, but ignorant 
what to do. He selects a good, smooth spot, 
sets up two saplings with crotched ends, 
about eight feet apart, and lays another 
across about six feet from the ground. 
Then several are laid with one end on the 
cross-piece, the other on the ground, making 
a skeleton shed. He now peels some birch 
bark in large pieces, and proceeds to shingle 
the top by lapping the pieces over each 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 23 

Other, all being held in place by more poles. 
The ends are closed in by stakes driven 
down and more bark. You now see that 
you can be useful in getting fir boughs to 
make a bed, and plenty of them. When 
done, you look with much satisfaction on 
your first house. If not expensive, it prom- 
ises to be very comfortable, and scarcely 
more than an hour has been occupied in 
the building of it. 

The guide now starts to fell a tree for 
firewood, and in a few minutes you hear the 
crash, and think "To-morrow I must try the 
axe." Soon he appears with the pieces of 
wood, and you watch the operation of build- 
ing a fire. First two short pieces are laid 
down for andirons ; then a heavy long piece 
across for a backlog ; then small pieces for 
the front, and, when ready, he lights up, and 
soon all is in a ruddy blaze. Now begin 
preparations for supper. Here you can help, 
and the meal is quickly prepared. After 



24 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

supper you talk a little, smoke if you wish, 
and are soon all ready to roll up in your 
blanket, and find your boughs a right com- 
fortable couch. While lost in sleep, your 
mind miles away, you suddenly start up. A 
most terrific scream greets your ears at no 
great distance, and another, answering, from 
the opposite side. Your hair fairly stands 
on end. "What's that.'" you ask. "Oh, 
nothing but the owls," answers the guide ; 
and he turns over and is asleep at once. 
You lie some time before you are lost again. 
Morning comes. You are awake early, and 
ready to jump up. The guide takes it rather 
more easily, but soon is up, too ; and then 
for the breakfast. While clearing up the 
dishes the guide tells you, perhaps, about 
Matalic, a poor old Indian, who formerly 
lived all alone near where you are encamped, 
— how one night two hunters, caught by a 
storm, found his camp, and stopped over 
nifrht. He was not there ; but in the morn- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 25 

ing, when one went for water to the spring, 
he came upon Matalic nearly frozen. It 
seems his eyes had been failing for some 
time, and he had suddenly become blind, 
and could not find his way back to his camp. 

Soon you start hn again, with here a pool 
with trout to fish, now a duck to try a shot 
at, and each day bringing some new pleasure. 
If it is the right season for floating for deer, 
your guide will give you a chance at that. 
Provided with a Jack-lamp placed overhead, 
you sit perfectly still in the canoe, while 
your guide plies the paddle without noise. 
You listen in the dark for any sound of deer 
feeding in the water, and, if heard, the guide 
slowly paddles up. When near, the light is 
thrown upon them. This shows the bright 
eyes of the deer, at which you should fire. 
If successful, it will add to your list of pro- 
visions, as well as give you experience in a 
new pleasure. So on day by day. 

Stopping in camp if a rainy day occurs (a 



26 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

change, not uncomfortable, as a blazing' fire 
keeps away all clamp and cold), gaining 
strength each day, soon eager to do what 
at first would have seemed a task to a city 
man. P^very living thing in the woods has 
a charm. The loons in the lake, the heron, 
the eagle, the kingfisher, the hawks, — all 
are watched with interest. The forest itself 
grows upon you ; and when at length the 
guide tells you that the time is nearly up, 
you can hardly believe it possible, and you 
prepare to return home almost sad to think 
of leaving such freedom from care, and re- 
solving if possible to return the next season. 
Many men engage their guides for the 
next trip without a thought how far off it 
may be. 

Angling has among its disciples a greater 
number of scholarly and celebrated men 
than any other sport. In fact, it is well 
named " The Contemplative Man's Recrea- 
tion." Many famous men of the past, as 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 2/ 

well as of the present, are well-known as 
fishermen. Daniel Webster was awful anx- 
ious to get away from Washington when 
detained over his fishing season. Presi- 
dent Arthur has a reputation as a salmon 
fisherman, with a fifty-pound fish to his 
credit. It was on a salmon stream that he 
first met Judge Gray, — a fact that, per- 
haps, had much to do with the latter's 
recent appointment. The celebrated Rev. 
Dr. Bethune, of New York, was an ardent 
disciple of Walton. Dr. John Todd, of 
Boston, passed many days in the woods ; 
and hundreds of tired clergymen, lawyers, 
and workers in other confining pursuits 
look forward to their trips to the woods 
and lakes with an eagerness hardly de- 
scribable. 

The Angler's Apparatus. 
It is impossible to be a successful angler 
without such a complete and well-arranged 



28 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

assortment of tackle as will enable you to 
be prepared for all times, seasons, and cir- 
cumstances ; and a true brother of the craft 
will find much to amuse him in the exercise 
of his ingenuity in making and repairing 
lines and files, and in the orderly disposition 
of the materials of his art. 

Of these the following is a list : Rods for 
salmon-fishing, trolling, spinning the min- 
now, or bleak, fly-fishing, and angling at the 
bottom, and wincles or reels for running 
tackle ; hooks, from No. 4 to No. 12, tied on 
gut, hooks, from No. 10 to No. 1 3, tied on 
hair, and loose hooks of all sizes ; paternos- 
ters for perch, shoemaker's wax and sew- 
ing silk, floats of various sizes, and caps for 
floats, split shot, and plummets for taking 
the depth of the water ; disgorger, clearing- 
ring, and drag ; landing-net gaff, and kettle 
for live fish ; gentle-box and bags for 
worms ; a fishing-basket, creel, or game- 
pouch, pair of pliers, a pair of scissors, pen- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 29 

knife, a book of artificial flies, a book of gen- 
eral tackle. 

Rods and Lines. 

Choice rods are of the utmost consequence 
to the angler's success ; and various instruc- 
tions have been given by different authors 
for selecting proper kinds of wood, and 
manufacturing rods ; but as excellent rods 
of every description are now to be purchased 
in almost every part of the United States, 
it is sufficient here to recommend such as 
will be generally useful, and may be pro- 
cured without difficulty at any of the fishing 
stores. 

In choosing a rod, be careful to examine 
if the joints fit securely; if it be perfectly 
straight when put together, and if it spring 
equally in all its parts, from the butt to the 
tip when bent. The rod for fly-fishing 
should be thirteen feet long, and light, but 
not too weak in the middle, — a fault common 
in fly-rods. A rod for fly-fishing should be 



30 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

light, — the lighter the better, if the strength 
be preserved and the action kept in the right 
place, 

A good fishing-rod is one of the essential 
instruments of the angler, and the one to 
which he pays the greatest attention. But 
in remote country districts it is often sur- 
prising how necessity sharpens the intellect 
of the angler, and how he makes shift with 
the simplest and rudest implements, and 
really procures a good day's sport under the 
most discouraging circumstances. 

Every person who has visited the rural 
districts with his rod in hand must have 
seen instances of this kind, and felt a sort 
of reproach that, with all his superior outfit, 
he could not hope to surpass the success of 
the simple but indefatigable rustic crafts- 
men. 

The qualities of a good rod will vary much 
with the nature of the angling There need 
be no great difference between a salmon 



fish: their habits and haunts. 31 

rod and a trout-rod for fly-fishing, unless one 
fishes very wide streams or lakes in open 
boats ; in such cases a fourteen or sixteen- 
foot double-handed rod is the best. A sin- 
gle-handed rod ought to be from twelve to 
fifteen feet in length, and it should be as 
elastic as possible. The most beautiful rods 
are those made of ash and lancewood ; but 
a good lengthy rod, where it is not too 
heavy for the single hand, gives the angler 
a greater command over the water, and en- 
ables him not only to throw his flies more 
lightly, but often to reach distant spots, 
where fine fish are lying, without over reach- 
ing himself or having recourse to wading. 

That which is commonly called "a general 
rod" will be found most useful to the trav- 
eller who has not an opportunity of carrying 
more than one with him at a time, it being 
so contrived that it may be used either for 
fly-fishing, trolling, or bottom-fishing, as the 
butt of the rod is bored, and contains several 



32 FISH : THEIR HAP.ITS AND HAUNTS. 

spare tips, — one for the fly, one for spinning 
the minnow, one for the float, and another 
for trolling, the whole being conveniently 
packed up in a canvas bag. 

Although this kind of rod will be found 
highly serviceable, it is by no means to be 
recommended when one has an opportunity 
of employing separate and appropriate rods 
for the different kinds of angling. The rod 
used exclusively for fly-fishing should be 
as light as is consistent with strength ; if 
to be thrown with one hand, it should be 
not more than twelve or fifteen feet long, 
and if with both hands, not more than six- 
teen to eighteen feet Indeed, a rod shorter 
than either of these lengths specified would 
be found very convenient in a narrow, 
closely-wooded stream, where it is fre- 
quently necessary to force the fly with a 
short line under overhanging bushes. Some 
anglers cannot be persuaded to use any other 
fly-rod than one comi)osed of two pieces 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 33 

only, and spliced in the middle : but this 
is inconvenient to carry, and the jointed 
rods are now brought to such perfection 
that there is no doubt they will answer 
every purpose of the spliced rod, besides 
being more portable The Irish fly-rods are 
screwed together at each joint, and are much 
more elastic than the English rods. 

The trolling-rod should be very strong, 
and not less than twelve nor more than six- 
teen feet in. length,' with large rings upon 
it, that the line may run freely. The rod 
for spinning the minnow, or bleak, should 
be of bamboo-cane, from eighteen to twenty 
feet long, with a tolerably stiff top ; the 
rings should be placed at a moderate dis- 
tance from each other, and be of medium 
size. 

The barbed rod, for angling with the 
ledger bait, should have a stiff top and be 
about eleven or twelve feet long; but for 
flood-fishing it must be made lighter and 



34 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

something longer. The rod for roach or 
dace should be of bamboo-cane ; and, if for 
bank-fishlng, from eighteen to twenty feet 
long ; but if for angling from a punt, not 
more than eleven or twelve feet. It must 
be very light, perfectly taper, and of a proper 
degree of elasticity, as the angler's success 
in roach or dace-fishing depends upon his 
dexterity and quickness in striking when he 
has a bite. Many anglers never fish with- 
out running-tackle, that they may be always 
prepared to encounter a large fish ; but they 
must not hope to meet with the same sport 
in roach and dace-fishing as those who use 
a light rod, without rings, and a short line, 
with which the chance of striking the fish 
is much more certam. 

The best lines for running-tackle are com- 
pounded of silk and hair of different degrees 
of strength and thickness, according to the 
purpose for which they are intended. r\)r 
salmon-fishing a strong "wind," large enough 



FISH : THEIF HABITS AND HAUNTS. 35 

to contain from eighty to one hundred yards 
of Hne, is requisite ; and for trout a brass 
reel containing from thirty to forty yards 
of line, gradually tapering to a few hairs at 
the end, where a foot-hnk of gut holding 
the flies is to be fixed. 

Silkworm gut lines are from two to four 
yards long, and are used as lengths to be 
added to the line on the reel, either for fly- 
fishing or bottom-fishing. Lines for trolling 
are of several kinds, — some of twisted silk, 
and others of silk and hair; but those sold 
by the tackle-m.akers, called " patent troll- 
ing lines," are in most general use. A 
strong rod and from forty to sixty yards of 
line are needed. Indian weed is a good 
material for bottom-tackle, but inferior to 
silkworm gut. Cat-lines, night-lines, and 
trimmers may be purchased already fitted 
up. 

A "wind" or reel is used for running- 
tackle, and is generally made of brass. The 



36 fish: their habits and haunts. 

multiplying reel was formerly much used, 
but from its liability to get out of order a 
plain reel without a strap is now preferred. 
Reels are of various sizes, containing from 
twenty to one hundred yards of line. The 
paternoster is a line used for perch-fishing. 
It is made of strong gut, and should be con- 
nected with a running-line by a fine stud 
swivel. It should contain three hooks of 
sizes 7, 8, or 9, placed at equal distances 
from each other ; the first near the bottom, 
where a small plummet of lead is fixed to 
sink the line, and the others at intervals 
of from eighteen inches to two feet. The 
hooks should be so contrived by means of 
swivels as to revolve around the line, and 
thereby give play to live minnows, wirh 
which they should be baited, 

Floats and Landing-Nets. 

Much care and judgment are required in 
adapting the float to the various streams or 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 37 

waters in which one angles. A deep and 
rapid river will require a float that will carry 
from sixteen to twenty of No. 4 shot. If 
the stream be deep, and the current gentle, 
a float carrying one-half the number of shot 
will be sufficiently heavy. When the water 
is perfectly calm, a very light quill-float, 
carrying two of No. 6 shot, should be used. 
The smaller the float is the fewer should be 
the number of shot ; and the finer the bot- 
tom-tackle the greater will be the success 
in fishing. The tip-capped float is the best 
for pond-fishing and for gentle streams, as 
the line is confined at each end of the float 
by a cap, which enables one to strike at a 
fish with greater precision than when using 
a plugged float, which has a wire ring at the 
bottom for the line to run through. 

In shotting a line, a number of small shot 
are preferable to a few large ones, as they 
mark less distance in the water. The line 
must be shotted till not more than the cap 



38 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

of the float is seen above the water, unless 
the water be very rough from wind or a 
rapid current ; in which case something more 
of the float must swim above the water. 
The porcupine-quill is a favorite float with 
some anglers, but for a moderate stream a 
swan-quill is preferable. 

A landing-net may be purchased which 
will unscrew from a socket in the handle, 
into which socket a gaff or hook for landing 
salmon, pike, and large trout may also be 
screwed, and both, net and gaff may be car- 
ried in the basket or creel till the river side 
is reached. The handle should be four or 
five feet long. 

Fly-Fishing. 

Fly-fishing is certainly the most pleasant 
kind of angling, and it has many advantages 
over every other mode. In the first place, 
the apparatus is light and poitable ; for with 
a slight rod twelve feet long (or, if for a nar- 
row and wooded stream, one of ten feet only 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 39 

would be more convenient), a rod containing 
thirty yards of line, a book of artificial flies, 
and a landing-net, one is fairly equipped for 
the sport. In the second place, it is the 
most cleanly and least cruel mode of angling, 
as one is not obliged to soil his hands with 
ground-bait or live-bait, or to torture living- 
fish or insects on his hook. Another charm 
in fly-fishing is that one is never restricted 
to one spot, but continues to rove along the 
banks of the stream, enjoying in his devious 
paths all the varieties of its scenery. 

In fly-fishing these rules should be ob- 
served ; — 

I. Always fish v/ith the sun before you 
and the wind behind you ; if it should be 
blowing in any other direction you will be 
unable to cast your flies where you want 
them to go. Cast straight before you, al- 
lowing your flies to go with the stream as 
far as possible, so as to imitate the natural 
fly swimming. 



40 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

2. Take care to have your running-line 
always clear ; for if there is any impediment, 
and you happen to hook a good trout, he 
will break your tackle to pieces before you 
can free the line. 

3. The water must be clear, the clearer 
the better, provided the day be cloudy ; it 
is useless fiy-fishing when the water is thick. 

4. Different waters require different flies ; 
those that may be good killers on one river 
may not catch a single trout in another. 

Fly-making is one of those delicate and 
minute matters which can be learned ef- 
fectually only by imitation, — just as a man 
learns to make a shoe, a bucket, a chair, or 
a table. One will learn more of fly-making 
in an hour by the eye than in a twelve- 
months by the understanding. 

Tkout-Fishing ry Dabbing. 

For this method of fishing, a fly-rod and 
finest line, with two yards of fine casting- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 4I 

line, and a small hook, should be used. 
Catch one of the flies similar to those at 
which the trout are rising, and hook it 
under the belly ; let the sun be in your 
face and the wind behind you ; stand as far 
from the bank as you can ; then drop the fly 
lightly on the water, and if a fish does not 
rise at it in a moment, lift it and let it drop 
again ; if there is a fish about, the fly will not 
be dropped many times before it is seized. 
Be careful, when you strike, that you do not 
break your line. You may do good exe- 
cution by poking your rod under trees or 
bushes overhanging the water, but you must 
go carefully and quickly to work or you will 
not have the shadow of a chance. 

Minnow-Spinning and Bottom-Fishing. 

The rod for spinning the minnow should 
be thirteen or fourteen feet long, light and 
not stiff. As the line is light, and the tackle 
fine, one is likely to break them when he 



42 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

gets a run, if he fishes with a stiff rod. Be- 
sides, trout, when hooked, sometimes make 
tremendous leaps, and if one leap from you, 
and the rod is very stiff, something will be 
sure to break. The line for spinning the 
minnow must be made of silk, plaited, one 
hundred yards long. Tackle for spinning 
the minnow, if one is going to fish in a river 
where the fish are large, should be made of 
three stout guts, not tied together, but 
looped to three small swivels, one at each 
joint, and a single hook with a small lead 
twelve inches from the hook. This is the 
very best tackle for spinning the min- 
now for pike and perch, as well as trout. 
But if you are going to fish in a small stream 
or brook, where you know the fish are small, 
finer gut should be used. The way to bait 
this tackle is with a fine baiting-needle, 
putting the needle in at the bait of the min- 
now on one side and out at the mouth, draw- 
ins: the shank of the hook inside the bait, 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS, 43 

placing the bend of the hook so as to bend 
the tail, and stitching the mouth up with a 
needle and thread; the thread should be 
lapped round the gut to keep the minnow 
in place. If you are spinning for trout in 
a river, fish under water, — in the rapid water 
by the side of stone-walls or broken banks, 
where the river comes dashing and boiling 
furiously ; at mill-tails, and all such places ; 
but only fish these places when the water 
is clear. When there is a rise of water, and it 
is discolored, fish in steady, shallow places, and 
work your bait much, or the fish will not see it. 
When you see a likely spot for trout, keep 
as much out of sight as you can, as trout, 
when feeding small fry, often lie within a 
foot of the surface, so that they can easily 
see you, and if a trout gets one glimpse of 
either you or the rod he is off in a moment. 
Spin the minnow against the stream, and 
if the stream is deep enough, sink the min- 
now three or four feet, and spin upwards, 



44 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

throw your bait as far as you can across the 
stream ; then let it sink deep in the water 
without touching the bottom, and spinning 
to the surface. The best minnows for the 
purpose are those of moderate size, with 
their sides and belHes of a pearly whiteness. 
If the angler has conveniences for keeping 
them, they are all the better for being kept a 
few days in clear, soft water, as this renders 
them firmer and brighter. The twisting of 
the minnow is the beauty of this kind of 
angling ; the fish, seeing it at a great dis- 
tance, fancy it is making all the haste it can 
to escape, and they make more haste to 
catch it. 

Bottom-fishing with the worm is decidedly 
an excellent mode of angling for trout. I 
have caught trout with the worm when the 
fly and minnow could not capture a single 
fish ; and when it is done rightly, this method 
cannot easily be surpassed. If the water is 
clear, and you are to fish in a brook or small 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 45 

stream, the most likely places are under 
bushes, by the side of piles, under old trees 
overhanging the water, or under anything 
that can form a cover for trout. Sit down 
very quietly ten or fifteen yards above the 
place you have selected for fishing in. If the 
stream is shallow opposite where you sit, and 
then falls into a hole, all the better ; get the 
right depth by trying, and then adjust the 
quill-float so that the bait will just niiss the 
bottom ; cut two or three worms in short 
pieces and throw them in some yards above 
you, and if the water is five or six feet deep 
they will go to the bottom below you, just 
where you want them ; put your bait on, 
and then let it go down the stream, giv- 
ing out line from the reel until the float is 
under the bushes. The trout will bite, one 
after another, without fear, and you can soon 
fish out all there are in the hole. 



46 fish : their habits and haunts. 

Baits for Trout. 

The natural bait most generally used in 
angling is the worm ; it may be used success- 
fully for every kind of fresh-water fish, with 
the exception of pickerel. The lob-worm is 
in season from May to September, and may 
be found at night with a candle or lantern in 
any place where the grass is short. It is an 
excellent bait for salmon, trout, and eels. 

The red worm is small, and of a bright 
red ; it is found in old manure heaps, in de- 
cayed tanners'-bark, and on the borders of 
old drains ; it is impossible to speak too highly 
of the value of this worm to the angler, as 
almost every kind of fresh-water fish will 
take it eagerly. 

To bait hooks with worms enter the point 
of the hook a little below the head, threading 
the worm carefully without breaking or bruis- 
ing it to within a quarter of an inch of the 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 4/ 

tail ; the shank of the hook must be well 
covered with the worm. . 

An angler should always be provided with 
well-scoured worms, as they are more lively, 
bright, and tough than when first taken from 
the earth. There are various modes recom- 
mended for scouring worms, but the use of 
clean moss alone will answer every pur- 
pose. The moss should be well washed 
and squeezed till nearly dry, then placed in 
an earthen pan to receive the worms, which 
will be ready for use in four or five days. 
Great care must be taken to keep the moss 
sweet and clean by changing it every three 
or four days, and washing it well, and if any 
worms are dead they should be removed. 

The grasshopper is found in short, dry 
grass in the months of June, July, and 
August, and is an excellent bait in bush- 
fishins:. 



48 fish : their habits and haunts. 

Salmon. 
The salmon is the noblest of fresh-water 
fish, and stands highest in the angler's esti- 
mation. He is the king of the streams ; his 
title to precedence has never yet been ques- 
tioned ; his magnitude, his keen and lively 
eye, his shining silvery scales, his muscular 
powers, his rapid and graceful motions, his 
beautiful proportions, his intellectual in- 
stincts, and his rich, delicate flavor, all unite in 
establishing his superiority over all other fish. 
Neither should it be forgotten that salmon- 
fishing is considered the angler's highest 
sport, whilst it affords the best criterion of 
his professional skill. Indeed, success in 
angling for this noble fish may be deemed 
the measure or standard of the angler's dex- 
terity, — the test of his art, the legitimate 
object of his loftiest aspirations, affording 
undeniable proof of his fitness to take his 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 49 

stand amongst the most accomplished adepts 
of this interesting craft. 

The salmon spawns generally in the 
months of September and October, but there 
is some difference in different rivers. It is 
at this season that it is seen passing up the 
river in enormous shoals, and leaping over 
every obstacle which lies in its way. When 
the salmon takes the fly the angler must 
immediately give him time, and must particu- 
larly bear in mind that the slightest rash- 
ness at this crisis will set him at liberty 
again. No matter how well-seasoned or 
strong the tackle may be, no one can suc- 
ceed in turning a salmon when he is first 
hooked. It is only by giving comparatively 
gentle tugs, or letting him feel the weight 
and pressure of the rod and line at short 
intervals, that you can make him rush about 
backwards and forwards so as to exhaust his 
strength. The greatest patience and cool- 
ness are therefore indispensable. Many fish 



50 FISH : THEJK HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

will require unremitting care and skill for 
two or three hours before they yield ; and 
few of any size can be landed as they ought 
to be in less than an hour. When the fish 
bounds repeatedly out of the water the 
chances are that he will succeed in breaking 
his hold either by the main force of his fall 
into the stream, or by tumbling across the 
line. The latter accident scarcely ever fails 
to set him free. When the fish takes what 
is called "the sulks," the chances of killing 
him, if the bottom is not favorable, are very 
problematical. 

A salmon will rise again and again at the 
fly after he has missed it. In this he differs 
widely from the trout. He has been seen to 
miss the fly a dozen times in succession, 
and at last take it greedily. Should he, 
however, be slightly hooked in any instance 
and break off, he will come no more, — at 
any rate not for some time. 

It is important for the angler to be able to 



fish: their habits and haunts. 51 

detect with a glance of the eye the places 
where salmon may with most probability be 
expected to lie. It is not often that he is to 
be found in long, straggling streams compara- 
tively shallow, and not leading directly into 
a longer or shorter reach of deep, still water. 
He is always very shy of trusting himself in 
such places. On the contrary, a rapid 
stream, running directly into a sheet of deep 
and still water, is his most probable haunts. 
Many large fish, however, never go into the 
stream at all; they keep in deep water 
among large stones, brushwood, and old 
sunken roots of trees. When, therefore, 
there is a fine brisk curl on the surface of 
the water, and it is otherwise in good con- 
dition, the deeps are the place for finding 
fish. The shallow end or tail of a good long 
deep, where there is a broad bed of grander 
slopes, is in all salmon rivers a favorite spot 
for fly-fishers. 

The building of dams and manufacturing 



52 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

establishments, by preventing the fish from 
going up the river to deposit their spawn, 
has almost annihilated the salmon in this 
State. Forty-five years ago it was very 
abundant in the Merrimac river. Now the 
very few specimens taken are looked upon 
as curiosities, and our market is supplied by 
the Kennebec and St. John fisheries. 

Blue-Fish. 

This fish is a species of mackerel, and 
sometimes passes under that name. He has 
his peculiar grounds in the rivers and bays, 
where he comes in schools from the ocean 
during the months of June, July, and 
August, after which he returns to the ocean 
for the winter. He is taken only by trolling, 
either with a bait of fish or with the artificial 
squid. Trolling of late years has become a 
favorite amusement in this country, and the 
blue-fish affords to those who live in the 
localities he frequents much pleasure. Troll- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 53 

ing is usually done from a good-sized boat, 
with a guide who knows the ground, or else 
by casting from the shore and drawing in re- 
peatedly. The former method is the most 
common. 

The tackle is simple, cheap, and easily 
arranged. It is composed of a squid of 
bone, tin, or pearl, with a stout line from 
one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet 
long. From the boat while in full sail the 
squid is thrown out, the fish hooked and 
drawn in, and the squid thrown out again. 
It is a good idea to have a length of wire 
or stout gimp between the squid and line. 
Often in such excursions a squid is lost at 
a time when a lover of this sport can least 
afford time in making the necessary repairs 
to his damaged tackle. The line should be 
of cotton, large and well laid, from forty to 
sixty yards long ; a light line will not an- 
swer, as in case a large fish is hooked there 
is more than an even chance that the line 



54 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

will part before he is secured, and should 
the fish be got in, the fisher's lacerated hands 
will remind him that there is more comfort in 
trolling with the regular squidding tackle. 
With a good boat, a guide who understands 
the locality, and a fine breeze of four or five 
knots an hour, one may be pretty sure of good 
sport. Having thrown out his squid with one 
hundred and fifty feet of line, he ties the 
end of the line securely to the boat, as 
the fish sometimes strike with much force, 
and neglect to fasten the line frequently 
results in the loss of the whole thing. When 
a school of fish is found, the boatman should 
be particular in crossing and recrossing the 
spot where the school is, as it frequently 
happens that the most sport is had within 
narrow limits. When the fish is struck the 
line should be hauled in with a steady pull, 
not jerked ; if the line be allowed to slack 
the fish is apt to throw itself off. To disen- 
gage the fish from the hook, take the squid 



fish: their habits and haunts. 55 

in the right hand, and give it a shght shake 
with the hook uppermost, and the fish will 
drop off into the boat. The most favorable 
places for blue-fish are Buzzard's Bay and 
Wareham, on the Cape ; also Babylon, In- 
slip, and Quogue, New York. Babylon and 
Inslip are near New York City, and are 
easy of access. 

Black-Fish, or Tautog. 

The name of this fish is derived from the 
color of its back and sides, which are a 
bluish or ebon-black. The black-fish abounds 
in the vicinity of Long Island, and is a 
constant inhabitant of salt-water. It never 
visits the rivers, like the salmon, nor deserts 
its dwelling-place. It is fond of rocks, reefs, 
and rough bottoms. 

Until within a few years the black-fish 
was not found north of Buzzard's Bay, but it 
will now be found in Massachusetts Bay. 
It is a fine table-fish, and is well known to all 



56 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

epicures. It affords much amusement for 
anglers. It is taken on reefs or about de- 
tached rocks, where the food in which it 
deHghts is found. 

The usual baits employed- in taking black- 
fish are the hard-shelled and soft-shelled 
clam, the rock-crab, and soldier-crab or fid- 
dler, the shrimp, and shedder-lobster or crab. 
The last two are decidedly the best that can 
be used. There is a very great difference 
observable in the black-fish, even in those 
feeding together at the same rock. Those 
taken close to the rock are shorter, darker 
colored, and thicker than those which are 
found playing in the edge of the tide as it 
sweeps past the rock. These are long, with 
large heads, and of a light color, especially 
about the head and snout, the latter fre- 
quently being nearly white ; whence they are 
called white-noses and tide-runners. They 
seem to delight in the eddies at the very 
edge of swift water, where they watch for 



fish: their habits and haunts. 57 

the shrimp or crabs which are borne along 
by the tide. You should cast the line a little 
above the rock, and let the bait float with 
the current past it. Holding the rod with an 
even, ready hand, you present the bait to 
his expectant eye in the most natural way ; 
and to do this should always be the study of 
the angler who wishes to succeed. 

The best mode of arranging rod-tackle for 
black-fish is this : attach two plaited gut- 
snells, one of twelve inches and one of 
eight inches, to a small brass ring ; put 
a slide-sinker on the line, and tie to the 
ring, and all is ready. The slide-sinker 
is by far the best, as it is frequently 
desirable to throw from a boat to a sunken 
rock, and as the sinker lies on the bot- 
tom the smallest action of the fish at the 
bait is readily felt. When the black-fish 
favors you with a bite, give particular atten- 
tion and pull quickly, for he has a hard, 
tough mouth ; and if your hook and tackle 



58 fish: their habits and haunts. 

are strong you need not be fearful of any 
damage to your tools, and with proper care 
you can call him in. The black-fish weighs 
from one to ten pounds. 

Mackerel. 
On our coast the mackerel is taken in 
nets in small numbers from the latter part 
of May until about the loth of June. After 
this it may be readily taken with the hook, 
and is brought to market in large quantities. 
Although as fresh fish mackerel are sold in 
our markets along our whole coast for several 
months of the year, and are considered by all 
excellent food, their greatest value arises from 
the employment they afford to an immense 
number of persons by the process of salting 
and packing, — the number of barrels in- 
spected in Massachusetts each year being 
about two hundred and fifty thousand. In 
some years immense shoals of mackerel arc 
readily met with, and vessels return from fish- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 59 

ing-trips in a few weeks with full cargoes, 
while the same localities may be vis- 
ited in other years and the efforts of the 
fishermen prove fruitless. So peculiar are 
the habits of this fish that oftentimes weeks 
may pass, the fishing-smack be surrounded 
by millions of fish sporting upon the surface 
of the water, and scarce one will allow him- 
self to be taken ; while, again, the success of 
a few days will retrieve the disappointment 
of nearly a season. 

SCAPAUG-SCUP. 

This fish is taken in large quantities in 
Buzzard's Bay and Martha's Vineyard Sound, 
but it had not been met with in Massachu- 
setts Bay until within a few years. It has 
latterly been found at Buzzard's Bay and 
Holmes' Hole. It is one of the most com- 
mon species in the harbors, and is used more 
than any other fish when fresh. At the 
latter place it is taken from the ist of June 



60 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

until the middle of October with the hook ; 
after that date, in the ponds, with nets and 
spears. 

Common Shad. 
This excellent species is brought to Bos- 
ton market from the mouths of the neigh- 
boring rivers in considerable quantities in 
the spring of the year, and meets with a 
ready sale. Shad and alewives go up the 
rivers during the month of May. Their 
usual weight is from one to four pounds. 

The Perch. 
The perch is second only to the pike in 
boldness and voracity. He is gregarious, is 
an inhabitant of almost all the rivers, lakes, 
and ponds of the United States and Europe ; 
he is the delight of the young angler, as 
he bites at all times very freely at nearly 
all kinds of bait offered him, and is to be 
caught with the most humble kinds of 
tackle. As he swims in shoals, twenty or 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6l 

thirty of them are sometimes taken in a 
short time in one spot. But there are times 
and seasons when it is past the angler's art 
to tempt the perch to feed. The middle of 
the day' in summer is very unfavorable ; and, 
as a general rule, the best time for angling 
for them is from sunrise to eight o'clock in 
the morning, and from four o'clock till dark 
in the evening. 

The season for fishing perch is from 
August till March. Its flesh is very firm 
and white, of excellent flavor, and particu- 
larly wholesome and easy to digest. Mr. 
Yarrell says : " The perch, though common, 
is one of the most beautiful of our fresh- 
water fishes, and when in good condition its 
colors are brilliant and striking. The upper 
part of the body is a rich greenish-brown, 
passing into golden-yellow ; the first dorsal 
fin is brown, the membrane connecting two or 
three of the first and last rays spotted with 
black ; the second dorsal and pectoral fins, 



62 fish: their habits and haunts. 

pale brown ; ventral, anal, and caudal fins 
bright vermilion." A pe-rch of three pounds 
is considered large, but it has been taken 
weighing six or eight pounds. The perch 
loves to lie by the side of the stream, and 
under deep banks or near beds of the water- 
lily, the eddies at milltails-tide, and tumbling 
bays, near old piles of wooden bridges or 
old kemp shedding, as well as under project- 
ing willow boughs. The best baits for perch 
are the minnow, the gudgeon, the red worm, 
and the brandling. 

The common mode of angling for perch 
in ponds is with a light, stiff rod, similar to 
that used in worm-angling for trout, with a 
short line of about the length of the rod, a 
light float and a small sinker, with trout- 
hook No. 2. The usual bait for the perch 
in pond-fishing is the common ground- 
worm, which it will take generally, if it will 
take anything. In regard to minnow-fishing 
for perch, Hoflfland says : " The minnow 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 63 

may be used by fixing a No. 9 hook under 
the back fin, or by passing it through 
his lips, with a cork float carrying shot ac- 
cording to the depth of the water. You 
should fish within a few inches of the bot- 
tom ; and when a fish bites, a little time 
should be given before you strike, as the 
perch is tender-mouthed, and if not well 
hooked is apt to break his hold." 

In concluding these remarks about perch- 
fishing, it is proper to describe a means of 
attracting the fish, which is not generally 
known. It is a secret of such value to the 
fisherman that he ought to feel amply repaid 
for perusing these pages when he comes 
upon it. 

Procure a large glass bottle, like those seen 
in the windows of chemists, — the clearer 
the glass the better ; fill the bottle with river 
water, and put into it a quantity of live and 
lively minnows ; cover the top with a piece 
of parchment with holes punctured in it ; 



64 fish: their habits and haunts. 

and tying a strong cord about the neck of the 
bottle so prepared, sink it near a pile in a 
river, or in a deep hole near the bank. This 
should be done early in the morning or late 
in the evening, when no one is about to 
witness the operation ; conceal the cord and 
the bottle for two days. At the end of that 
time drop a paternoster baited with live min- 
nows by the side of the bottle, and you may 
be sure of excellent sport, as the sight of 
the minnows in the bottle will have att/acted 
numerous perch to the spot. 

The Smelt. 
The body of the smelt is long and slender ; 
the color of the back a pale green, and the 
belly a silvery white ; the scales are oval and 
small, and fins are all of a yellowish white. 
The smelt is remarkable for its ])leasant and 
peculiar smell. It spawns in March or 
April, and inhabits the fresh-water from 
August till May. After spawning it returns 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6$ 

for a time to the sea. It feeds upon insects 
and small fry, and is very fond of the 
shrimp. It seldom exceeds seven or eight 
inches in length. In fishing for smelt some- 
times the paternoster is used as in perch- 
fishing, baited with live shrimp or a small 
bit of a smelt. It is generally taken in 
deep water about our wharves, from August 
to December. 



Trip to Kempt, N.S., in 1879. — A Moose 
Hunt. 
I left Boston on the morning of Septem- 
ber 17th, at eight o'clock, and had a nice, 
smooth passage and a fine rest. I arrived 
in Portland at 4.30 p.m., and soon left for 
Eastport, reaching St. John at four p.m. on 
the 1 8th. I stayed on board till the next 
morning, and then took steamer " Em- 
press " at eight o'clock for Annapolis, and 
arrived there without much worthy of note. 
At Kempt I met by appointment my guide. 



66 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

and stayed over-night at his house ; and let 
me say just here, a better guide and woods- 
man, a keener hunter and honester man 
than my guide, David Freeman, cannot be 
found. 

We started with baggage for the lake at 
ten A.M. of the 20th, and camped that night 
at Puzzle Lake. In the morning we com- 
menced to call for moose ; the moose an- 
swered, but did not come up, so we pulled 
up camp, and tramped through the clear, cool 
morning to the foot of Progress Lake. We 
did not attempt calling moose again, as our 
natures demanded rest. However, I pulled 
out a rod, and caught three trout weighing 
fifteen pounds, which were soon cooked and 
eaten. After a nice night's rest, only 
broken by the owl's terrific screech and the 
lonely call of the loon, we left our traps and 
went to the west side of Long Lake to call ; 
but it proved to be a bad night, stormy and 
windy. On Wednesday we went to Long 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6/ 

Lake. This region abounds in beautiful 
lakes, where there is fine fishing and hunt- 
ing. In the morning I fished Shelburne 
river, but the water was very high, so there 
were few fish. The wind was high, and 
there was no calling for moose, so we gave 
up for the night, which was very cold, mak- 
ing frost and ice. Next morning we started 
for Irving Lake, some miles distant, but 
there was no show for moose, with the wind 
blowing great gales, so we went down Shel- 
burne river to Sandy Lake, which took five 
hours. Here fishing was good and the 
scenery delightful. However, our object 
was not yet achieved, and once more we 
returned to Irving Lake, arriving late in the 
afternoon, very tired ; but the wind had gone 
down, the air was perfectly still, and David 
said that this was the time. He made a 
horn of birch, and uttered a low, plaintive 
cry, and to our great delight a moose an- 
swered our first call, and came slowly up. 



68 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

About half-past six the sun had gone down, 
and the moon was hardly up, with a dense 
fog over the bay ; still the moose came on 
slowly. We were concealed by bushes, 
lying flat on the ground. He advanced to 
within thirty-five yards. I fired my first 
shot, which struck him on the head, but to 
feel sure I shot once more, struck him in 
shoulder, and dropped him. He proved to 
be a large, fine bull, with handsome horns. 
We opened him at once, and returned to 
our resting-place for the night, well satisfied 
with the undertaking. Our journey was 
well repaid to see this noble animal and 
know that the desired object had been 
gained. Next day, October ist, at five in 
the morning, we skinned the moose, David 
taking the skin for hunting-shoes, after he 
had dried and tanned it. We covered up 
the meat, and at nine o'clock started for 
help, expecting to find two men getting 
out shingles some five m'lles from us, but 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 69 

they had gone. So we continued out of the 
forest to Kempt, where we arrived at nine 
o'clock in the evening, after a day of hard 
but most healthful work. The next day we 
returned to the lake to see if our meat was 
all right, taking with us two extra men. We 
arrived at six in the evening, too late for 
work. October 3d, we cut up the meat, 
and found that our animal weighed between 
seven hundred and eight hundred pounds. 
We loaded canoes and started for Kempt at 
nine in the morning. We spent the night on 
Big Carry, and reached the landing at twelve 
o'clock. After dinner David and the men 
started for home. I, being very tired, found 
a good place and pitched camp and got all 
housed for the night. At some time in the 
small hours David returned, and in the early 
morning we started for Eel river, where we 
arrived about eleven in the forenoon. Here 
we found partridges in great numbers, also 
plenty of fish. We went down the river 



70 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

and did some fine fishi-ng ; shot a nice mink, 
the skin of which David stretched on three 

sticks, as I had promised A she should 

have one ; and in the afternoon hunted par- 
tridges. Tuesday, October 7th, we started for 
Kempt, arriving at five in the afternoon. The 
morning of October 8th was beautiful, and 
David drove me to Digby, stopping for break- 
fast (a good one it proved, our appetite being 
keen after our long ride) with his sisters, 
who own a fine farm. We reached Digby 
at two, and spent the night at Lord Duf- 
ferin's house. Next morning I took the 
boat for St. John on my way home. I had 
a very fine trip, with good weather. So 
ended my first moose hunt, — a trip never 
to be forgotten for my success both in hunt- 
ing, and fishing, and for the beauties of the 
country I saw. 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. /I 

Trip to Nova Scotia, Sept., i88i. 

I left Boston at 8 a.m., September 26th, 
on steamer " City of Portland," and reached 
Portland at half-past four o'clock, after a 
good, smooth passage. There were very few 
persons I knew on board, so I took to my 
state-room for a long nap. We had a fine 
run to Eastport and St. John. I spent the 
night at Hotel Dufferin, and made a few 
calls on friends. In the morning I took a 
steamer to Annapolis. It was very foggy, 
but the water was not rough. I found Free- 
man at the wharf waiting for me. We soon 
started for his house, where we arrived 
at ten in the evening. This was a quick 
run from Boston into the forests of Nova 
Scotia. On the 29th we started for the 
lake. We built a fire and had dinner at the 
landing. A man and boy helped us across 
the lake and the lonely carry. Having left 
them we went to Mount Lake to call. It 



72 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

was a fine night, but we had no answer and 
so gave it up. We arranged our apartments 
for sleeping behind a big rock, and, strangely 
■enough for the first night out, slept well. 
In the morning we went back to the carry, 
and found all our things at the shore ; but 
the man and boy were gone. We loaded all 
into a canoe, and it was a very heavy load ; 
but how much these canoes will carry when 
filled by one who knows just how to do it, is 
astonishing. 

We reached Pisquaw Carry at noon, and 
found John Freeman and five men logging. 
John came down and helped us with our 
things, and had us take dinner at his camp. 
The bill of fare consisted of baked beans, 
bread, and tea. How good it did taste ! 
Before we left our camping-ground he came 
up to our camp with a very bad cut in his 
foot ; a twig had made the axe glance. If 
an old chopper like this cuts himself it is a 
warning to us green men to be very careful. 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. Jl 

We Started from there at two p.m., and had 
one more carry into Pippy Luggage Lake, 
and then, with high water, had a very fine 
run into Irving Lake. I hope some of my 
many friends may be induced to make this 
trip ; they will be well repaid. Freeman 
would be glad to see them at all times ; he 
would make their stay pleasant. We camped 
in a new spot, well protected from storm and 
wind, with a good lookout through the trees 
up the lake. We had some rain in the night 
and plenty of wind. The thermometer stood 
at 65'', and there was a good bracing air. 
It was the best camp I ever had, and I slept 
as only a tired man can sleep. October ist, 
we did not breakfast till half-past eight. 
The wind was strong, but it was warm, the 
thermometer making 68° in the shade. I 
felt well, but lazy, and decided to stop 
here and enjoy the sweet smell of pine and 
spruce as well as the delightful prospect, 
until the wind should go down. Haly, of 



74 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

California, was here one day before us, and 
this made our chance of success rather less 
than we had hoped. This morning I found 
plenty of trout-bones, and concluded to try 
the river. In the afternoon we fished a 
little, getting some fine fish. We went to 
the bay, but there was so much wind it 
was of no use. We camped under rubber 
blankets and were verv warm. Next morn- 
ing the thermometer registered 55''; the 
wind was northwest ; it was cloudy. We 
had a nice breakfast of baked beans warmed 
in tin-pan in ashes, boiled potatoes, coffee, 
and toasted hard-bread. What appetites the 
out-door life brings to us poor city chaps, 
who see nothing but brick walls the most of 
the year ! How little we know the beauties 
of Dame Nature's book ! 

I fished in the afternoon for a few minutes, 
and caught si.x nice fish. I also shot a par- 
tridge that had ventured near the camp. 
The wind went down towards night, so we 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. y$ 

went to the bog to call for moose. It was 
a fine night at first, but we had no answer. 
Before morning it rained hard, so we started 
back to camp. We cut plenty of wood, and 
had a good fire and breakfast, but grew tired 
of waiting for clear weather. I did plenty 
of sleeping this trip, as rain continually 
followed me. It turned very cold, so we 
put up shelter around the front of the camp, 
and tried to be comfortable. At last the 
wind and rain ceased, and the moon — almost 
full — greeted us; a welcome sight. We 
concluded to go and call on Irving Lake. 
There was a light wind blowing towards us, 
and after a while we got a faint answer in 
the long distance from Moose Lake. We 
again called. The answer came from nearer, 
and showed the bull was with a cow. In a 
little while both answered our repeated call, 
and were moving with the wind down on 
the other side of the bog in the woods. We 
moved along on one side, and gave an occa- 



jG FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

sional call, waiting for an answer. We kept 
this up for about a mile, when we got to a 
place where the trees nearly met in the bog. 
There we crossed, and found we were ahead 
of them, with the wind towards us. While 
waiting for an answer, or some sound to 
break the great stillness, I saw a dark object 
fifty or seventy-five yards distant from me 
in the thick trees moving along. It fairly 
made my hair stand on end. I made up my 
mind to fire. As the darkness was great, I 
fired as near the shoulder as I could aim 
through the trees. While I put down an- 
other shell with bullet, David ran ahead and 
fired, as we could not see what the animal 
was, and the moose, for such it proved to be, 
dropped. My first shot was fatal, but of 
course David did not know it. With both guns 
unloaded, we went up to it ; I cut its throat. 
As I stood up on a stump I saw another one 
not thirty yards off coming up. I reached 
my gun, and got in the last bullet I had. 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 7/ 

The moose saw me, and turned quickly to 
run. I fired at the .neck, and he dropped 
instantly. I hardly understand how the shot 
could be so fatal, as the animal proved to be 
a bull, although with small horns. So in 
one minute after seeing them we had two 
fine moose, a cow and a bull, twelve hundred 
pounds of meat, and the grand object of the 
trip accomplished. Pretty good for only 
nine days out, and a Boston boy at that ! 
David cut the throat of the bull, and placed 
the animals so as to bleed freely. I laid my- 
self down to get a long breath. We started 
back to camp, as it was now broad daylight. 
At five in the morning, after breakfast, we 
went to John Freeman's logging camp, arriv- 
ing there about noon. He was not there, 
but his head man and four others took their 
large boat and returned with us. We landed 
and reached the game about four in the 
afternoon. Having skinned, cut up, and 
packed seven loads of meat that night, all 



78 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS 

slept in our camp, and we had a jolly night 
of it. At half-past five in the morning all 
but myself went after the remainder of the 
meat. I packed up our traps, cut some 
wood, and started a fire and got breakfast. 
We had a fine trip in the birch to Free- 
man's camp, where we left most of the meat 
to be salted for winter use. Then we started 
(amid many cheers from the loggers for our 
present, and good wishes for future skill and 
game) for Sargent's camp. We had more 
wind, but reached there all right at four in 
the afternoon We fixed camp, and had fine 
moose-steaks for supper, which David knew 
just how to cook, and I how to eat. It was 
so juicy, — my mouth fairly waters now at 
the thought ! Then we turned in for a well- 
earned rest. At five o'clock next morning 
we awoke. It was Sunday, September 9th, 
a fine day, with the mercury at 65"^. David 
went out home with the rest of the meat, 
leaving me alone for a day and a half ; but 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 79 

not alone, for I had all nature to com- 
mune with and pleasant thoughts of home 
and friends. But I was not to be left 
even thus much alone, for three of Free- 
man's men came to see me, thinking I was 
lonely, and remained to dinner. We passed 
the time pleasantly, and they left early in 
the afternoon. I walked about a little while, 
and then got supper and turned in. On 
Monday, October loth, the thermometer 
registered 40°, and there was some wind. 
I got my breakfast, cut some wood, and 
loafed until noon, finding myself somewhat 
tired from the long tramp and the excitement 
of the moose-shooting of the last few days. 
For my dinner I made an omelet and fried 
some pork and potatoes. I was pleased to 
find myself quite successful and handy at 
cooking. My journal of this date says : 
" Sev^en p.:\[. No David yet ;■ think there 
was too much wind. This camp is in a 
beautiful spot, tall hemlocks all around it. 



80 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

with fine green tops ; quite a change from 
the birch woods we were in at Irving Lake. 
I feel how much every man degenerates 
without frequent communion with nature. 
The forest itself has a charm which grows 
upon me. Selfishness, ambition, and care 
have here no place, and a man is most truly 
thrown upon his own resources to be alone 
with nature. Reverence for and apprecia- 
tion of the beautiful are elements which 
enter into the character of every true angler; 
but I must stop, for here comes David and 
John Freeman, with three other men ; have 
had a hard time to get here, — rain, wind ; 
they were most exhausted, and very glad to 
find warmth and shelter." 

Tuesday was stormy. We fished some, 
and got seven fine fish. Wc also hunted 
]-)artridges, but there was too much wind, 
and we did not sec any. It still was cold 
and stormy. 

On Wednesday, the 12th, the thermome- 



fish: their habits and haunts. 8i 

ter registered 32*^. Still it was a fine day 
to go over all the lakes. We packed up 
and started at eight a.m. Got to Jim Chal- 
les' place, where we had dinner. We shot 
four partridges and saw more, but the cover 
was too thick to get them. We arrived at 
David's home at five in the afternoon. 

Early Thursday morning we started for 
Annapolis. How hard it was to say good- 
by for at least a year ! 

Just here let me give David's recipe for 
cooking a sirloin of venison, — a receipt not 
to be despised. One must understand it to 
succeed well. Two crotched sticks are set 
up before the fire, and at the height of six 
feet another is laid across them ; the meat 
is suspended by a string to the crossbar, 
close enough to the fire to roast, and is kept 
constantly turning, so that all sides get an 
equal amount of heat. It should be con- 
stantly basted with the rich gravy that drops 
from it while roastins:. 



82 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

A Day on Grand Lake Stream, 

A party of two left Boston at eight 
o'clock one Monday morning in June in the 
steamer "New England," Captain Winches- 
ter, for Calais. We had a fine trip to Portland, 
where we stopped about an hour. Arriving 
at Eastport, we left the steamer and took 
the river boat called the "Queen," for Calais. 
We reached Calais at three on Tuesday 
afternoon and remained over-night. Ne.xt 
morning we went by train to Lewy's Island, 
— a ride of forty miles. There we found our 
guide, one of the best, — an Indian of the 
first class named Piel Tomah. (since this 
trip I have had as guides his two sons, 
of whom I shall speak later), and our cook, 
with two canoes for us. We bought the 
more bulky articles needed, such as pork, 
potatoes, meat, and eggs, and embarked 
upon the waters of Big Lake. This lake is 
about twelve miles long, and we much en- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 83 

joyed paddling across in the light canoes. 
We varied the pleasure by making a call 
upon the Indian settlement on White Island, 
where we found a church and some other 
signs of civilization among the inhabitants. 
Most of the women were engaged in basket- 
making, and were very expert. We left or- 
ders for some baskets to be ready when we 
should return. The men were mostly busy in 
the woods cutting knees for boats, for which 
there is quite a demand. Those we saw at 
home were building canoes, and afforded us 
an opportunity of examining the process, 
which is ingenious enough. We arrived at 
the foot of Grand Lake Stream at three 
o'clock, where we found a farm owned by a 
Mr. Gould, whom we hired to carry our bag- 
gage across the three-mile carry. The road 
was very rough, but his horse seemed to 
know every rock and stump, and at five 
o'clock our baggage was on the ground near 
the dam. We selected a good location for 



84 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

our tent, and soon had it pitched. Leaving 
our guide to arrange matters, we put our rods 
together and tried the fishing. We found 
the insects very annoying, and were obliged 
to use our veils and gloves ; thus protected 
we soon raised a fine fish of the salmon 
tribe. After several desperate plunges his 
strength became exhausted and he was cap- 
tured. The scales put him at three and one- 
half pounds, — a very good beginning. This 
fish resembles the salmon so closely that 
most people call it the dwarf salmon. It sel- 
dom weighs over four pounds, and averages 
two pounds. We caught before dark some 
ten or twelve fish, — none, however, so large 
as the first one taken. The most successful 
fly was a small salmon-fly, with mixed yellow 
and red body. A fish cooked for supper 
proved to be delicious. 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 85 

Two Days at Skiff Lake. 

With my friend I left Boston for Vance- 
boro and McAdams Junction on the Eastern 
road. We had a quick trip and a good one. 
Our place for camping was an old hut left 
by some long-gone loggers. We made our- 
selves comfortable, having more company 
than we had expected. On Monday, we went 
on a tramp to Medea Lake. The water was 
too low for fishing. On our way to Grass 
Lake we passed through a pasture, where we 
shot five partridges. We also shot six ducks, 
one black and the rest red teal. They made 
a fine dinner. On Tuesday we shot three 
partridges, and caught thirteen pounds of 
salmon and eleven pounds of trout. We 
went to see if a bear-trap we had set was 
sprung, and found a very large loup-cervier 
caught by the foot. He was frantic with 
rage. At first sight we thought it was a 
large dog, but soon saw our mistake. J. 



86 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

fired his revolver and killed the animal by a 
good shot in the head. We tied him up and 
started home, to find that a trapper had 
stolen our mink from the trap. We built 
two new traps, and returning home skinned 
our game, which was quite an interesting 
operation. We made a stew of ducks, which 
was the best yet. They were very fat, ten- 
der, and delicious. Space forbids me to 
speak of the fire, which so nearly consumed 
our tent and the nether garments of my 
companion. Fortunately, he was provided 
with another pair. 

Trip to Schoodie Lake — A Reminis- 
cence OF the Summer of 1882. 

Musquash Lake, one of the chain of 
Schoodie Lakes, is situated in the town of 
Waite, Washington County, Maine, and is 
reached by cars from Boston 7'ia Eastern 
and European roads, and by stage. One 
warm evening in September, 1882, a small 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 8/ 

party might have been seen wending its way 
to the Eastern station, cii route for the 
hunting-grounds of Maine. After bidding our 
friends good-by at C , we left for Ban- 
gor. As we entered the car great was our 
surprise to find nearly all the occupants of 
the sleeper were friends and acquaintances, 
bound, as we soon learned, on pleasure ex- 
cursions, either for fishing or gunning. With- 
out further incident, beyond the usual dis- 
comforts of a sleeper and of heavy clothing, 
we arrived in Bangor. 

The weather was not inspiring when we 
left the car at five in the morning. It was 
cold, dreary, and damp. We took a carriage 
for the hotel, breakfasted, and left as soon 
as possible, not forgetting to purchase on 
the way a Bangor " umbrell," which ever 
after proved a source of amusement to at 
least two members of our party. At sevgn 
A.M. we again started for the further East, 
whither with mingled sunshine and rain, and 



88 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

accompanied by many of our friends of the 
night before, we journeyed on until we 
reached the Forest Station, not so named for 
forest-trees, — as a place more void of natural 
beauty or sentiment never existed. 

Here our trouble began. As our expected 
van for the baggage did not appear, our little 
stage-driver, who seldom if ever gazed upon 
so much baggage for one party, was entirely 
at a loss what to do. Finally, deciding to 
leave the larger portion, we mounted the 
two-horse wagon, otherwise called stage, — 
a party of six. The gentlemen of the party 
did duty in holding on the trunks, while one 
lady grasped all the bags in her reach. As 
we mounted the steep hill the rack gave way. 
Alas for pickles and trunks ! What would 
then have become of us, had I not had the 
never-failing string and wire to mend the 
poor broken-down wagon. The baggage was 
soon readjusted, and we all took seats as we 
could find them, — a merry party, in spite of 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 89 

mishaps. We arrived at Jackson Brook, and 
went to the house of Mr. Dudley, who is a 
good landlord, and tries in every way to 
make it pleasant for his guests. There, too, 
good guides can be procured. We found a 
nice dinner, and did full justice to it ; after 
which Mr. Dudley provided us with a com- 
fortable wagon, two good horses, and a 
talkative driver. We keenly enjoyed our 
sixteen-mile drive- over a good but unfre- 
quented road, through beautiful woods, with 
here and there a farm-house, having a piece 
of stove-funnel for a chimney. At Waite, 
about six p.m., we ended our journey for 
the night. We were warmly welcomed by 
the host and his daughter. Warm fires were 
kindled, and at once we began to feel at 
home. Supper followed. " What delicious 
milk!" was the cry, and all echoed it. 

Having written home, we went to bed, 
tired travellers, to dream of camp and woods. 
But there was no sleep, for Pluvius reigned. 



go fish: their habits and haunts. 

Thunder, lightning, rain ! Was such thun- 
der ever heard ? Wednesday morning found 
us detained by a pouring rain-storm. We 
were told "no woods to-day," and so it 
proved ; but one gentleman, after arraying 
himself in woods' attire, mounted the large 
wagon, already filled with baggage and camp 
supplies, for a five-mile drive, or rather 
walk, through the woods. We bade him 
a sorrowful good-by, as we, too, wanted to 
see the beginning of camp-life. We watched 
the clouds all day, but the rain still poured ; 
but we passed the time very pleasantly with 
work. Thursday morning, the clouds still 
hung heavy, but at seven o'clock our char- 
ioteer appeared for us, in spite of the fog. 
With plenty of straw, and a few bags for bal- 
last, we took our seats and made ready for 
the worst ride we had ever taken. As our 
host had told us, the road was nothing but 
rocks and rocks, as any one who has been 
over a logging road knows. The first mile 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 9I 

through pastures was soon passed ; we en 
tered the woods' road, and although it was 
early morning the fog made it very dark. 
Pen could not tell its roughness ; but 
bruised bones and tired nerves were a 
forcible language. Glad were we to see our 
friends, and in canoes. They soon landed, 
and were formally introduced to our Indian 
friends (for so they proved to be). A nice 
dinner in the open air was speedily got for 
us, of which we were glad to partake. The 
Indians soon built a fire in the cleft of a 
rock, and made delicious coffee, which from 
the tin dipper tasted like nectar. Also we 
had corned beef, hard-bread, and a four-pound 
salmon caught by trolling on the passage 
down. After bidding our driver good-by, 
we stepped into the canoes for our first ride. 
How delightful we found them after our 
hard ride in the cart ! It was like a cradle, 
so quiet and so restful to our tired nerves. 
After an hour's paddling we reached the 



92 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

head of the lake, which was to be our home 
for a short time. 

We had hardly reached camp when the 
rain began to pour, but we were safely 
housed, and so did not mind it. We found 
our new quarters all ready, and nicely ar- 
ranged for our comfort. This was a novel 
experience, our first night in a woods' bed. 
The hemlock boughs were nicely arranged, 
fragrant and fresh, but not soft. We slept 
well, and awoke refreshed. 

Our cook was all that could be desired, 
and during the weeks that followed he never 
failed to give us the nicest the larder 
afforded. Friday was spent in-doors, as the 
rain fell in torrents, but the time passed 
rapidly with work and reading. Occasion- 
ally one of the guides would appear and give 
us his views of the weather. So also passed 
Saturday. Our gentlemen went out for 
some fishing, but were glad to return to the 
shelter of the tents. Sunday was spent in 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 93 

letter-writing and reading, the rain still fall- 
ing in such sheets that to go out was im- 
possible. 

In the evening we were astonished by 
hearing low sounds of chanting ; and listen- 
ing found our guards were chanting a mass, 
they all being good Catholics. It was so 
unexpected that we were completely sur- 
prised as well as pleased. 

On Monday the sky at last began to clear, 
but the sun did not shine. J. and I took 
our first walk a-round the beach, up into the 
cove. We found the mink trap, and were 
well pleased with our surroundings. L. 
went for some fish, but not many were dis- 
posed to bite that morning. On Monday 
the dog started up a deer, and never came 
back ; not liking his quarters, he ran home. 

Tuesday L. and J. started for Pleasant 
Lake, a long and tedious walk ; but they 
accomplished their errand, after having 
tramped twelve miles. They returned tired 



94 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

and hungry at nightfall. Wednesday the 
hunter of Pleasant Lake appeared with two 
fine dogs, and after breakfast we were away 
for a hunt. About twelve o'clock a cry of 
"deer! deer ! " came from our youngest, and 
away we ran, soon to see our guide with a 
nice deer in his canoe. 

But where was L. ? There was question 
after question till all had arrived. Soon the 
deer was skinned, dressed, and ready for 
eating ; and that the venison was enjoyed 
was proved by the quantity that disappeared 
with coffee accompaniment. Thursday L. 
and Worster, the hunter, went to Oriole 
Lake for fly-fishing. W^e passed our time 
on the beautiful lake, quietly trolling for fish. 
L. came back bringing with him a string of 
speckled beauties, which Gabriel soon 
brought us for our supper ; they were almost 
too good to eat. On Friday, Worster and 
L. started for another deer hunt ; and about 
two hours after, to our great surprise, an- 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 95 

other cry of "deer! deer!" came from the 
lake. N. soon came for us ladies, and we were 
glad to go into the canoe for a deer chase in 
the lake. Our only thought was, "if L. were 
only here." Our guide, who was always will- 
ing to please us, left us with the beautiful 
deer, paddled ashore, and then ran hatless 
to the other lake, a mile or more distant. 
He succeeded in finding L., who ran with 
his gun over rocks and rills. How glad we 
were to see him appear ! He was soon pad- 
dled near us, when with one shot our deer 
was killed. It was an exciting day, and 
something was seen we . had never expected 
to see. 

To-day two persons from town appeared, 
also three gentlemen who were camping at 
the foot of the lake. We had a pleasant call, 
and they were much pleased with our place 
and quarters. Mr. \V. passed himself off as 
Mr. C, much to our amusement later. 

The next day we sent to Waite for salt 



96 FISH : THItIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

to cure skins and for letters, and we had 
news from home. Saturday we took guides 
and went to the old camp, where we spent 
an hour looking at the log-camp and sur- 
roundings. The weather was delightful. Soon 
we left for home and dinner. After reading 
and writing, J., L., and I started for a walk 
through the woods back of the camp. Here 
an owl attracted our attention. He was 
soon brought down from his leafy perch, 
and carried home as a trophy. That night 
we had our great open-air fire lighted in 
the open tent ; and a fine sight it was ! 
Here, seated on the hemlock boughs, we 
enjoyed a supper not soon to be forgotten. 
Our guides served us some nice fried white- 
fish just from the water, and hot tea. As we 
had never tasted the fish before, and they are 
delightfully fine, the enthusiasm of some 
members of our party could hardly be de- 
scribed. We sat fully enjoying everything 
without reuard to time, but at last finding 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 97 

that the small hours were approaching-, we 
reluctantly retired to dream of fish, fires, 
and Indians. 

On Monday the wind blew great gales, 
but we explored the woods by the camp, and 
found it a delightful place. There were trout- 
brooks in abundance, filled with the speckled 
beauties. Here we strolled till Gabriel's 
trumpet-like voice resounded through the 
stillness. We had dinner, which always 
brought together a merry party ; and what 
a cook ! The ladies of the party had had 
many fears of our guides, but their fear 
soon became warm friendship. Gabriel To- 
mah and Tomah Joe are some of the best 
guides I have ever had. The former is the 
Grand Sachem of the Passamaquoddy tribe of 
Indians ; and Joe, who had represented his 
people in the Augusta Legislature, was a 
smart, intelligent man, ever ready and will- 
ing to do all in his power for our comfort ; 
while his assistant, Nouell, was indefatigable 



96 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

in getting the "old woman wood" for our 
ladies, much to their amusement. The 
home of the guides is Lewy's Island^ 
where their occupation is canoe-building 
and basket-making. Joe is an artist, as the 
pictures of our party drawn on birch-bark 
and presented to the ladies on our departure 
can testify. 

On Monday our guides proposed a trip to 
Bear Mountain, and we assented. As we 
looked across the lake at the rocky sides 
rising so abruptly, Joe said no white woman 
had ever been up there. Taking a guide in 
each canoe, we soon were paddled across 
the lake. The canoes were drawn up on 
the bank, and we began the climb, and steep 
and straight the precipice proved to be ; 
but with two hours of hard work we reached 
the summit, and were repaid a hundred times 
for the labor. Such an extended view ! A 
tree that obstructed a fine view of Grand 
Lake was soon felled by Joe, who was ever 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 99 

active. We remained, — never tired of the 
beautiful scenery, varied by lakes, mountain, 
and distant villages, — till word came that it 
was time to start back ; but we did not start 
till Joe, who had found a piece of burnt 
wood, cut a slab trom a huge tree, and left 
our pictures drawn upon it. Then, "Good- 
by. Bear Mountain, — shall we ever ascend 
your steep sides again ? " With a merry 
cheer we took our downward way. 

On Tuesday it was delightful weather. We 
had a fine deer chase of two hours on the lake. 
One of the ladies lost her hat, but that was 
nothing. We killed our deer, a fine one, 
weighing about three hundred and fifty 
pounds. The guides soon got him ashore, 
and dressed and skinned. Then the skins 
were to be dried and stretched, which process 
much interested the ladies, who had each 
the promise of a skin for her home. We 
need not tell of the delicious venison, 
cooked in so many ways. Gabriel excelled 



lOO fish: their habits and haunts. 

in his venison stews, and the quantity that 
disappeared before our keen appetites is 
ahnost beyond belief ; those of ray friends 
who have spent any time in the woods need 
not be told of this. 

Wednesday we all went round the lakes, 
each in his own canoe. We broke the 
stillness by shouting to each other to wake 
the echo, and a wonderful one it was. Echo 
Lake in the White Mountains has not so 
fine an echo. We spent our evening in 
the light of a full harvest moon. J. would 
call the echo, while the rest of us would 
drift lazily with the wind and imagine 
ourselves in Venice. What moonlight ! J. 
was never tired of hearing the Indians sing 
in their language, and of listening to the 
echo. So passed our time, with no care or 
thought of the morrow. We also stopped 
for a short time at the deserted loggers' camp, 
when, with our camera, we took some fine 
pictures of place and friends. As for our 



FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. lOI 

Indians, they were always ready to sit for 
their pictures at any time. On our way 
home we met our friend C, with his guide, 
and it was very pleasant to exchange greet- 
ing with one from the outside world, although 
these same friends tried to escape us in 
breaking camp. And then Friday, our last 
day ! How short the time had seemed ; 
was it possible that three weeks had passed .' 
But all pleasant things must end, and at 
length we broke camp, loading the three 
ctnoes, which were lashed abreast, and filled 
till they sank to their edges ; took the last 
picture, — that of the departure ; bade good- 
by to the woods, cove, and inlet, made one 
last visit to the mink-trap and little cove, 
and were gone. Shall we ever see old Mus- 
quah again .? We say, " Oh, yes," and look 
not behind us. 

Traps. 
For the benefit of those projecting camp- 
ing parties are appended the following lists 



I02 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 

of articles found convenient on excursions 
I have made : — 



TRIP FOR TWO PERSONS. 



6 cans fishballs. 
4 " tongue. 

1 box salt. 

ID lbs. sugar. 

2 " soap. 
2 " rice. 

2 " raisins. 
6 " cheese. 
4 cans cocoa. 

1 lb. tobacco (for guides), 
i " pepper. 

6 cans milk. 

2 lbs. coffee. 

2 " best English break- 
fast tea. 

4 cans corned beef, 
lo " beans. 

6 lbs. buckwheat. 
ID " Hecker's flour. 
I large liani. 
8 lbs. breakfast ham. 
25 " crackers. 

5 " butter. 
*3 doz. lemons. 

4 boxes sardines. 
12 doz. eggs. 



^ bushel potatoes. 

Apples. 

Liquors (for sickness). 

Extract ginger. 



CLOTHING NEEDED FOR 
THE TRIP. 

Coat. 

Rubber coat. 

Pants. 

Short pants. 

Cardigan shirt. ^ 

Undershirt. 

Woolen shirt. 

Three pairs socks. 

Tie. 

Hat. 

Slippers. 

Handkerchiefs. 

Towels. 

Dish towels. 

Needles and tliread. 

6 bags (for provisions). 

Oiled leggings. 

Moccasins. 

Knickerbockers. 



fish: their habits and haunts. 103 



TRIP, 1882, FOR THREE PERSONS FOR THREE 
WEEKS. 



.3 guides. 

18 cans cow milk. 

2 cooked hams, very nice. 
4 boxes potted tongue. 

6 cans peaches. 
6 " tomatoes. 
6 green corn. 
Ohves, pickles. 
6 corned beef. 
^ doz. Iamb tongue. 

3 lbs. sausage meat. 
2 plum puddings. 

2 cans clam chowder. 
6 '' baked beans. 
2 " condensed cofiFee. 
30 lbs. hard-bread. 



6 boxes sardines. 

1 lb. pepper. 
Box salt. 

2 lbs. soap. 
20 lbs. sugar. 
Royal yeast powder. 

6 lbs. coffee ; 4 lbs. tea. 
25 " Hecker's flour. 

2 new hams. 

3 tongues. 

10 lbs. of pork. 
10 " lard. 

3 doz. lemons, very essen- 
tial. 
ID lbs. butter; 6 dozen 



EQUH\MENTS FOR TRIP TO MOOSEHEAD LAKE. 

Tent large enough for six people, folded in canvas 
bag. 

Two blankets for each person. 

Thick laced gaiter boots. 

Slippers for camp ; sleeping hat. 

Rubber pillow ; rubber bag ; rubber blankets. 

Thick clothes ; and some thin clothes. 

Landing-net made of oiled //>ien line, with large 
meshes ; tin box, with lock, for eels ; two click reels, 
and braided oiled-silk line enough to go on both reels 



I04 FISH : THEIR HABIT3 AND HAUNTS. 

Fly-book, without flannel leaves, with pair scissors 
inside. 

One fly-rod weighing about eleven ounces. 

One fly-rod weighing about sixteen ounces. 

Spare tips ; spare rings ; tools for mending rods, 
including small file, wax, etc. ; pincers ; black silk. 

Flies — dozen and a half each, of black nackle, red 
tail, scarlet ibis, with some white about them ; blue 
jay, imported feathers ; golden pheasant, tinsel body ; 
brown nackle. 

If possible have half the above flies made large, — 
the size of salmon flies. 



IN MEMORIAM. 



IN MEMORIAM. 



It is with deep sorrow that I record the 
death of Mr. Lorenzo Prouty, for many years 
at the head of the fishing-tackle department 
of the house of Bradford & Anthony, Boston. 
For nearly a score of years had I known 
him, and never in any other character than 
as a courteous gentleman, a devoted angler, 
and an honest man. 

Amid the din of the busy town, at his 
duty, it was my pleasant privilege to " drop 
in " for a few moments and exchange words 
with him about babbling brooks and secluded 
lakes, and the fish thereof ; and to see him 
no longer as of yore is another bitterness 
added to life's fast increasing tally. His loss 
will be deeply felt by all fishermen who were 
wont to replenish their kit at his deft hands, 



I08 IN ME MORI AM, 

and his sudden and sad "taking off" will be 
deplored by all who knew him. 

Here and now I am constrained to pay a 
fond tribute of praise to an honest angler, 
whose genial and kind face has been lately 
hidden by the cerecloth of death, and whose 
form has been lain away in the dust to await 
the general resurrection at the last day. 
How often in our j^iscatorial chat have I seen 
his eye gleam with j^leasure and his face alit 
with the love of the craft, of which he was 
so thoroughly the master. 

His was a type — and a right noble one — 
of an honest angler's life and love ; and those 
who knew and loved him the best miss him 
and mourn him the most sincerely. Quiet, 
gentle, unobtrusive, like many a pure stream 
he was wont to love and cast his fly upon, 
he passed from our sight so suddenly that 
his loss cannot be fully realized. " Lord (to 
us), keep his memory green, and may light 
perpetual shine upon him ! " 



IN MEMORIAM. IO9 

The memory of such is precious. Rcqiii- 
escat in pace ! In this prayer I am sure 
all brethren of the gentle art will join me. — 

Forest and Stream. 



To every angler throughout New England, 
and even beyond its borders, the tidings of 
the sudden death of Lorenzo Prouty will 
come with a personal sense of bereavement. 
His death is a loss to the constantly-increas- 
ing ranks of gentlemen sportsmen. Next to 
his own kith and kin, the brethren of the 
"gentle art" will most seriously mourn his 
entrance into rest, not grudgingly, for "after 
life's fitful fever he sleeps well," but with an 
individual and selfish regret that his inter- 
course with them on earth is ended. In do- 
mestic, social, and business life he was a 
kindly, courteous, and honest man ; and the 
rising of each day's sun shone on some new 
friend, won to his side by the innate kind- 
liness of his genial nature. He was a man 



no IN MEMORIAM. 

and an angler after our beloved master Wal- 
ton's own heart ; and he truly possessed and 
practised many of the characteristics and vir- 
tues of "good old Izaak Walton" of blessed 
memory to all who "be quiet andgoa-angling." 

Memory "harks back" through nearly a 
score of years of acquaintance with this ac- 
complished fisherman, and always with pleas- 
ure ; and 'tis hard to realize that his deft 
hand will no more cast the fly as an adept, 
or his sound advice be given to the novice in 
the craft which he so well loved and hon- 
ored ! He will be missed in many a pleasant 
camp, now sacred to his memory ; and with 
trembling voice and uplifted hat will his 
name be spoken by river and mere, on moor 
and mountain. 

Peace to thee, friend and angler ! Thy 
memorials are in many hearts, and in the 
fly-books and "kits" of thy angling friends 
will be recalled the pleasant voice and smile. 

— O. W. R., in Boston Transcript, Jan. 2. 1SS3. 



IN MEMORIAM. 



An Angler's Rest. 

IN MEMORIAM LORENZO PROUTY. 

" After Lifcs fitful fever he sleeps welly 

Sweet spring has come to the beck-side, 

And to the mountain mere ; 
Scattered her favors far and wide, 

Attuned her voices clear; 
But a void in all there seems : 

As we wander, rod in hand, 
We miss the ever-kindly gleams 

Of his eye and grasp of hand. 

A " quiet eye " and true he bore, — 

Fair mirror of his heart ; 
He loved the dappled meadows more 

By far, than busy mart ; 
And mountain pine and hemlock seem 

To sigh, in sad refrain. 
As they shade the babbling brooklet's gleam, 

" He ne'er will come again ! " 

The May-fly (o'er the silent " deep," 

Whose semblance oft he cast) 
Now tempts the lusty trout to leap 

Till its brief life is past ; 



12 IN MEMOKIAM. 

The gloaming comes, the camp-fire glows, 

With ever-welcome grace, 
But, from his new and long repose. 

He comes not to his i^lace. 

No huntsman's horn, no angler's glee. 

Can rouse him from his sleep ; 
But, in our stricken hearts, may we 

His " memory green " aye keep ! 
Afield or by the stream, he left 

No " blaze " of shame or greed ; 
A sportsman undefiled and deft, — 

Our craft's Bayard, indeed ! 

Time's silent stream on, ever on, 

Unheeded by him flows ; 
It bears us to the port he 's won, 

Through "seasons" free and "close." 
We sign the cross upon his grave, 

With rod of true incline. 
And, as we fish, on him we crave 

Perpetual light may shine. 
O. W. R., in Forest and Stream. 



It will be sad news, indeed, to the many- 
near and distant friends of Mr. I'routy, at the 



IN MEMORIAM. II3 

beginning of the new year, to hear of his 
decease, and sadder still when they learn 
that the summons came suddenly, just as he 
was about to embark in business with a friend 
of years' standing, and with every prospect 
of success. 

Mr. Prouty had been in the employ of 
Messrs. Bradford & Anthony, of this city, 
for twenty-seven years, and was known far 
and near by all lovers of the rod and gun as 
a gentleman particularly adapted for the po- 
sition which he occupied at the head of the 
fishing-tackle department of the above house. 
He was a true sportsman, a keen lover of 
nature, a companionable friend, a tender 
husband, a devoted father, and a man of the 
strictest integrity. 

It was expected, by his intimate friends, at 
least, that he would have an interest in the 
business of Messrs. Bradford & Anthony 
after their retirement, he having done so 



114 IN MEMORIAM. 

much to build up that particular branch of 
their business, for which he was by nature 
and education so well qualified ; but it was 
not to be, and during December he left 
them to engage in a similar business with 
his friend Mr. George B. Appleton, also long 
and favorably known as being connected with 
the same house. 

No words of sympathy, however tenderly 
expressed ; no words which we can utter, no 
tears which we may shed, can restore to its 
completeness that once so happy, now so 
desolate home ; but to her who waits in 
sadness may come to soften the asperity of 
the blow the sad yet feeble consolation that 
the departed loved one will be mourned in 
many a household throughout our land. 
Truly, — 

" God moves in a mysterious way, 
His wonders to perform." 

— G. W. S., in Forest and Si ream. Jan., 1SS3. 



IN MEMORIAM, II5 

One of our most beloved members of soci- 
ety, a true-hearted fellow-man, a lover of all 
nature as the great Designer made it — the 
primeval forest and all that was placed 
therein, and God's beautiful lakes and 
streams, and their inhabitants, — in fact and 
reality the type of a good man, and a true 
sportsman, was Lorenzo Prouty. Few men 
in the New England States were more 
generally known and universally loved. — 

M., in Forest and Stream. 




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TivcifiJi Editio?!. 




CAPE COD FOLKS. 

BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN. 



Volume. 1 2m 0. 



Price, $1.50. 12- Pages. Cloth, gilt. 



"Those who take up this volume expecting a commonphice story with 
which to while away a few hours, will find themselves most agreeably sur- 
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while through the wliole runs a vein of pathos that touches and thrills to 
tears in tlie midst of laughter. One feels that the quaint characters described 
here have tlK-ir counterparts, that it is real life upon the bleak Cape Cod of 
which wc are reading. The warmest love flows out to Grandpa and 
Grandma Spioer, wliosc horizon is bounded by the ocean upon which 
Grandpa lias s]ient so many years of his life, and who are both so kindly 
naturtd and full to tlie brim of goodness. lUnnv Cradlebow, the unlettered 
youna: Ai«)llo, challensres our sympatliy from the first to the last, when he 
loses'his life in trying to save that of hi's would-be rival." — To/ci/o Blade. 

"There i.- real power in lier characterization. Real eloquence in her ac- 
count of the uncultivated singing. . . Real pathos in the vague religious 
opinions and intense religious sentiment of these simple, brave people." — 
Boston Advertisfr. 

" Her description of the provincial traits of this most provincial of all the 
outlying New Enghind settlements, are admirable bits oi genre w Qx^mxor 
shi'p." — Harper's xM<i§ 



CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., PUBLISHERS, 

BOSTON. 



CAPE COD FOLKS. 

a Xobd. 

BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN. 



Volume, \2iiio. ' ^,2-; Pages. Cloth, gilt. Priee, $i.^o. 



CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., Publishers, 
BOSTON. 



OPINIONS OF THE PRESS ON THE WRITINGS OF THE 

NEW AMERICAN HUMORIST. 

" So natural and true to life are some of the characters, localities, and 
incidents depicted in the book, that the observing reader finds it difficult to 
persuade himself that he is not -reading- the autobiography of a vivacious 
school-teacher in real life. The scenes and incidents of the novel are by 
no means commonplace, however, and there is just enough of the improb- 
able and impossible in the story to give it piquancy and thorough zest." — 
Boston Post. 

" We rather doubt the justice or policy of ranking the work as a novel, 
for it is really a triumph of character sketching, with novulistic develop- 
ments." — Boston Siiiidiiy Tiiiics. 

" Every chapter is fresh and sparkling witli life and humor, and wc can- 
not help but eulogize the author for her masterly hand and genius of storv- 
telling." — A^. F. Star. 

"Those who take up tliis volinne expecting a commonplace story with 
which to wliile away a few hours, will find themselves most agreeabiy sur- 
prised. It is full, from beginning to end, of the most delicious humor, 
while through the whole runs a vein of pathos that touches and thrills to 
tears in the midst of laughter. One feels that the quaint characters described 
here have their counterparts, that it is real life upon the bleak Cape Cod of 
which we are reading. The warmest love flows out to Grandpa and 
Grandma Spicer, whose horizon is bounded by the ocean upon which 



Press l\olicis. 



Grandpa has spent so many years of his life, and who are both so kindly 
natured and full to the brim of goodness. Benny Cradlebow, the unlettered 
young Apollo, challenges our sympathy from the first to the last, when he 
loses his life in trying to save that of his would-be rival. 

" The plot is nothing, and yet the reader is not aware of its absence. The 
book is simply a picture of the events in a few months of the life of fc young 
girl who was seized with the idea of doing missionary work, and goes to 
Cape Cod as a teacher. It is as crisp as the air in that sea-bound place, and 
as sparkling as its starry skies. That it is true to nature is evident from the 
fact that its publishers have had a libel suit upon their hands on its account. 
Buy and read it. You cannot fail to be entertained."— Toledo Blade. 

" There is real power in her characterization. Real eloquence in her ac- 
count of the uncultivated singing. . . Real pathos in the vague religious 
opinions and intense religious sentiment of these simple, brave people." — 
Boston Advertiser. 

" Her description of the provincial traits of this most i)rovincial of all the 
outlying New England settlements, are admirable bits oi genre \\ o\V.m<m- 
?^\\y." — Harper's Magazine. 

"It is a rarely powerful and realistic picture of simple life." — Buffalo 
Express. 

"The author has given us a charmingly fresli and thoroughly recogniz- 
able portraiture." —jV. Y. Traveller. 

" It is a phenomenal work." — Portland Transcript. 

" It is an insult to literature for well-read lawyers to treat this capital 
novel as if it were a mere vulgar libel." — ^o.?/o« Transcript. 

"That book has been the means of shaking literary Boston almost to 
its very centre." — Quebec Chronicle. 

" It is intensely amusing, and portr.iys. vividly and fiitlifully the daily life 
of a peculiar people." — Golden Rule. 

" It contains more and better character-writing than any book of its 
kind we have seen for many a day." — Chicago Inter-Ocean. 

"There are some delicious bits in ' Cape Cod Folks.' The literary style 
is excellent, and the book is of a kind to please almost everybody." — ^Y. Y. 
Herald. 

" No man reads ' Cape Cod Folks ' with more delight than a genuine Cape 
Codder. As I am one of that ilk, I am, of course, one of her admirers. 
The bottom foct about her book is that it is true, and paints truth down to 
its hidden roots, as the wont of genius is. This is the general verdict ot 
those who ought to know. It is an American book, racy of the soil." — 
Correspondence to Literary World. 

"The touch of a new hand, at once original, intense, and dramatic, with 
a vein of humor and a power of sarcasm warranting the belief that in this 
work we have the beginning of a career and of a vv^mc" — Boston Herald. 



THE NEW NOVEL BT THE AUTHOR OF 
''CAPE COD FOLKS." 




TOWHEAD; THE Story of a Girl 

BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN, 

AUTHOR OF "CAPE COD FOLKS." 

/ Volume. i2mo, cloth. Uniform zuitk ''Cape Cod Folks." 
Price, Si. SO. 



This is a story altogether American in plot and character. It combines 
the same spirited and humorous style which characterized "Cape Cod 
Folks," with that pathetic touch so peculiarly her own, which has made 
Miss McLean such a plienomenon in the world of letters. 



CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., PUBLISHERS, 

BOSTON. 



NICHOLS' 

Popular Science News 

AND 

BOSTON JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY. 



'E IRontljlg Journal at popular .Sctence. 



CONDUCTED BY 

Dr. JAS. R. NICHOLS and WM. J. ROLFE, A.M. 

Esiablished in i&bs. Now hi its Seventeenth year. 
One Dollar per Annum in advance. 



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Boston Journal of Chemistry, a paper long and favorably known in every 
State of the Union. The design of this most successful and useful journal 
has been to furnish in compact form, and at a loio price, the new facts in 
science, mechanics, invention, art, agriculture, and medicine, which it is so 
important should be widely disseminated among all reading people. 

Its"success is due to the fact that it presents in plain language, which 
all can understand, scientific discoveries and principles which are useful 
to every one, no matter what may be their vocation or pursuit in life. 
It is an indispensable 

FAMILY JOURNAL, 

which should be introduced to every fireside in the country. 

Dr Nichols has edited this journal for a period of more than a sixth 
of a century, and every number contains many pages of his instructive 
and pleasant contributions. 



Send One Dollar to Popular Science News Co., IGlHigli Street, 
Boston. You will receive it promptly, and not regret tliiit you became 
its patron. 



THE STORY OF IDA. 



By FRANCESCA. 



WITH A FINE PORTRAIT FRONTISPIECE, AND AN INTRODUCTION 

BY JOHN RUSKIN. D.C.L. 



vol. i6mo. Gray cloth and gilt. Price, 75 cts. 



'pmS reprint of a little book which has been very popular in England is meet- 
ing with a warm welcome throughout the country. Its popularity is due 
mainly to the beauty of the story, although attention was called to it, in the 
first place, by Mr. Ruskin in his lectures at Oxford, and in the preface to the 
book. The pseudonym, "Francesca," is only a .slight change of the Christian 
name of Miss Frances Alexander, a lady artist of Boston, now living in Florence. 
The great merit of her paintings won her the friendship of Mr. Ruskin, at whose 
urgent request "The Story of Ida" — written originally as a private memorial — 
was published. In his preface Mr. Ruskin says : — 

" Let it be noted with thankful reverence that this is the story of a Catholic 
girl, written by a Protestant one, yet the two of them so united in the truth of 
Christian faith, and in the joy of its love, that they are absolutely unconscious 
of any difference in the forms or letter of their religion." 

" ' The Story of Ida ' is a perfect gem of simple, unadorned narrative, and 
the vohtme is a dainty little specimen of the bookmaker's art." — Buffalo 
Express. 

" The story is very touching." — Boston Advertiser. 

" // is tender, loving, and deeply religions.'" — Worcester Spy. 

" This exquisite little story, with its preface by John Kiiskin, depends for its 
interest upon a certain religious simplicity and refinement of thought and 
manners, which will commend it to those who like the works of Frances 
Havergal and Hesba Stretton." — Boston Courier. 

" The story is beautiful a7id touching iti its simplicity, purity, and pathos, and 
is absolutely true in every particular" — Troy Times. 

For sale by all booksellers, or mailed, postage paid, on receipt of the price, 
by the publishers, 

CUPPLES, UPHAM AND COMPANY, 

283 Washington Street, Boston. 



The Deserted Ship ; a Story of the Atlantic. 

By George Cupples, author of "The Green Hand." Hand- 
somelj bound in cloth, gilt, extra. i2mo. Illustrated. $1.25. 

" In these two absorbing sea stories — " The Deserted Ship," and " Driven to 
Sea" — the peril and .adventure of a sailor's life are graphically described, its ameni- 
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and the virtues of endurance, fortitude, fideliiy, and courage are portrayed with 
rough and ready, and highly attractive effusiveness."— //a r/i'r'j Magazine. 

Fly Pishing in Maine Lakes ; or, Camp Life in the Wilderness. 

By Maj. Charles W. Stevens, Commander of the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company, Boston. With colored 
frontispiece of the best killing tlies, and rubricated title-page. 
Square i2mo. Cloth. 201 pages. $1.25. 

"It is written as naturally and unaffectedly as if told over the pipe, around the 
evening fire, to a circle of brother sporismen."— Pittsburgh Telegraph. 

■' The book is really very liv \<f." — Cincinnati Commercial. 

Hollo's Journey to Cambridge. 

Illustrations and illuminated cover by Francis G. Attwood. 
I vol. Quarto. 50 cents. 

*^,* A satire upon Life at Harvard College in the form of a parody upon the 
famous Rollo Story Books. Printed originally m the Harvard Lampoon, and later 
compiled with the consent of the editors into a sqaure octavo in paper covers. The 
cleverness of parody and satire and the familiarity of the subject have made this a 
most decided hit. Already four editions have been exhausted, and the demand 
promises to continue as long as Harvard College maintains its influence on surround- 
ing social life, and humor continues to be an American characteristic. 

Bicycle Tour in England and Wales. 

By Capt. Sharpe and A. D. Chandler, President of tiie 
Boston Bicycle Club. Illustrated by four large folding maps 
and seventeen brightly finished albertype engravings. Small 
quarto. Gilt. 164 pages. $2.00. 

*** The title gives not the slightest idea of the real contents. It is a work of 
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such an interesting degree. 

Southern Rambles : Florida. 

By Owen Knox. Very profusely illustrated. 150 pages. 
Square i2mo. Cloth, $1.00 ; paper, 50 cents. 

*,* An amusing and satirical account of a Winter's Trip to Florida, filled with 
laughable incidents, character studies, descriptions of Southern Life, wholly devoid of 
exaggeration, showing Florida as it struck the author, and not as the interested guide- 
book-makers endeavor to prove it to be. 

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Whence, What, Where? 

A VIEW OF THE ORIGIN, NATURE, AND 
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BY 
JAMES R. NICHOLS, M.D., A.M. 



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